PERLINDUNGAN LINGKUNGAN LAUT SELAT MALAKASINGAPURA (PERAN INDONESIA DALAM KERJASAMA TRILATERAL PERLINDUNGAN LINGKUNGAN LAUT DARI PERNCEMARAN MINYAK YANG BERSUMBER DARI KAPAL)

NADIA NURANI ISFARIN, Prof. Dr. Marsudi Triatmodjo. S.H.,LL.M,

2012 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Hukum

Penelitian ini diajukan untuk menjawab tiga permasalahan utama.Pertama, aturan hukum internasional dalam perlindungan lingkungan laut dari pencemaran minyak yang bersumber dari kapal.Kedua, upaya-upaya yang dilakukan oleh kerjasama tiga negara pantai dalam mencegah, mengurangi dan mengontrol pencemaran minyak yang bersumber dari kapal di Selat Malaka-Singapura.Ketiga, peran pemerintah Indonesia dalam mencegah, mengurangi dan mengontrol pencemaran minyak yang bersumber dari kapal di Selat Malaka-Singapura. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian normatif dengan menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif.Pendekatan penelitian yang digunakan yaitu pendekatan perundang-undangan dan pendekatan kasus. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa hukum internasional telah mengatur secara komprehensif perlindungan lingkungan laut dari pencemaran oleh minyak yang bersumber dari kapal melalui United Nations Convention on The Law of The Sea (UNCLOS) 1982, The International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ship (MARPOL) 73/78, International Convention on Oil Pollution Preparadness 1980, Civil Liability Convention for Oil Damage (CLC) 1992 dan Convention on the Establishment of an International Fund for Compensation for Oil Pollution Damage(FUND) 1992. Kedua, Indonesia, Malaysia dan Singapura sebagai negara yang berbatasan dengan selat bekerjasama dengan pemangku kepentingan lain (negara pemakai selat, industry pemakai selat, IMO, NGO) telah membentuk suatu mekanisme kerjasama berupa cooperative forum, project coordination committee dan Aids to Navigation Fund. Ketiga, Indonesia melalui peraturan perundang-undangannya telah menjamin pencegahan, pengurangan dan pengontrolan pencemaran minyak yang bersumber dari kapal melalui Undang- Undang Nomor 17 tahun 2008 tentang Pelayaran, Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 21 tahun 2010 tentang Perlindungan Lingkungan Maritime, dan Peraturan Presiden Nomor 109 tahun 2006 tentang Penanggulangan Keadaan Darurat Akibat Tumpahan Minyak di laut.

This research is proposed to answer three problesm. First, the rules of international law in the protection of the marine environment from oil pollution originating from ships. Second, efforts were made by the three littoral countries cooperation in preventing, reducing and controlling oil pollution originating from ships in the Straits of Malacca and Singapore. Third, the role of the government of Indonesia in prevention, reduce and control oil pollution originating from ships in the Straits of Malacca and Singapore. This research is normative research using qualitative research methods. The research approach using statute approach and case approach. The results of this researchshows that international law has been comprehensively regulate the protection of the marine environment from pollution by oil originating ships: the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) 1982, The International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ship (MARPOL) 73/78, International Convention on Oil Pollution Preparadness 1980, the Civil Liability Convention for Oil Damage (CLC) 1992 and the Convention on the Establishment of an International Fund for Compensation for Oil Pollution Damage (FUND) 1992. Second, Indonesia, Malaysia and Singapore as states bordering the straits cooperate with other stakeholders (user states, user industries, IMO, NGOs) have established a cooperation mechanism in the form of cooperative forums, project coordination committee and the Aids to Navigation Fund. Third, Indonesia through its laws and regulations have ensured the prevention, reduction and control of oil pollution originating from ships through Act No. 17 of 2008 on Shipping, Government Regulation No. 21 of 2010 on the Protection of Maritime Environment, and Presidential Decree No. 109 in 2006 on Disaster Emergency Due to Oil Spill in the ocean.

Kata Kunci : perlindungan lingkungan laut, pencemaran dari kapal, Selat Malaka- Singapura