EFEK DIET SUSPENSI SERBUK UMBI SUWEG (Amorphophallus campanulatus (Roxb.) Bl.) TERHADAP PROFIL LEMAK TUBUH PADA TIKUS JANTAN YANG DIBERI DIET LEMAK TINGGI

IKA PUSPITANINGRUM, Ika Puspita Sari, M.Si., PhD., Apt

2012 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Farmasi

Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui efek diet suspensi serbuk umbi Suweg (Amorphopallus campanulatus (Roxb.) Bl.) terhadap parameter-parameter profil lemak tubuh pada tikus jantan yang diberi diet lemak tinggi. Parameter yang diamati meliputi kadar kolesterol total, trigliserida, LDL-kolesterol, dan HDLkolesterol serta aktivitas enzim yang berperan dalam absorpsi lemak, yaitu enzim lipase. Selain itu juga diamati gambaran terjadinya atherosklerosis serta nonalcoholic fatty liver diseases. Penelitian dilakukan dengan rancangan pre and post test randomized control group. Hewan uji tikus jantan galur Wistar sebanyak 40 ekor dibagi 8 kelompok. Kelompok I (kontrol normal) diberi pakan standar, II diberi pakan standar hari ke 31-45, III (kontrol negatif) diberi Na CMC 0,5%, kelompok IV, V dan VI diberi suspensi umbi Suweg 360, 720 dan 1440 mg/kgBB tikus, VII dan VIII (kontrol positif) diberi Orlistat dan Glukomanan dosis 10,8 dan 90 mg/kgBB tikus. Kelompok III-VIII diberi diet lemak tinggi yaitu campuran pakan standar, minyak babi dan kuning telur ayam (16:3:1) selama 45 hari, sedangkan kelompok II selama 30 hari dan perlakuan senyawa uji diberikan selama 15 hari secara oral. Pengukuran profil lemak tubuh dilakukan pada hari ke 0, 30, dan 45, sedangkan pengukuran aktivitas enzim lipase dilakukan pada hari ke 30 dan 45. Pada akhir perlakuan dilakukan analisa histopatologi terhadap organ hepar dan aorta. Kadar profil lemak tubuh dan aktivitas enzim lipase yang diperoleh dianalisa statistik dengan uji Kruskal-Wallis dan Mann-Whitney menggunakan SPSS release 16. Hasil yang diperoleh pemberian suspensi umbi Suweg 360 mg/kgBB tikus secara signifikan dapat menurunkan kadar kolesterol total (p=0,047), dan LDLkolesterol (p=0,012) dengan persentase penurunan 18,65% dan 34,15% serta efeknya sebanding dengan Orlistat. Pemberian suspensi umbi Suweg 720 mg/kbBB tikus secara signifikan dapat menurunkan kadar kolesterol total (p=0,009), trigliserida (p=0,043), dan LDL-kolesterol (p=0,023) dengan persentase penurunan 33,60%, 24,24% dan 55,16% serta dapat menaikkan kadar HDL-kolesterol (p=0,021) dengan persentase kenaikan 12,26% dan efeknya sebanding dengan Orlistat, namun tidak dapat menurunkan aktivitas enzim lipase pankreas. Pemberian suspensi umbi Suweg 1440 mg/kgBB tikus tidak dapat menurunkan kadar kolesterol total, trigliserida, dan LDL-kolesterol serta tidak dapat menaikkan kadar HDL-kolesterol secara signifikan. Pemberian suspensi umbi Suweg 360, 720, dan 1440 mg/kgBB tikus tidak menunjukkan adanya perlemakan pada sel hepar maupun aorta tikus.

The study was done to know the effects of diet Suweg (Amorphopallus campanulatus (Roxb.) Bl.) tubers powder suspensions to parameters of body fat profiles in male rats were given a high-fat diet (DLT). Parameters observed include total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL-cholesterol, and HDL-cholesterol and the activity of enzymes that play a role in the absorption of fat, which is lipase enzyme. It is also observed an overview atherosclerosis and nonalcoholic fatty liver diseases. The research was done with pre and post test randomized control group design. Animal trials Wistar male rats as much as 40 divided by 8 groups. Group I (normal control) were given a standard diet, II were given a standard diet in days 31-45, III (negative control) were Na CMC 0,5%, groups IV, V and VI were given Suweg tubers suspensions 360, 720 and 1440 mg/kg, VII and VIII (positive control) were given a dose of Orlistat and Glucomannan 10,8 and 90 mg/kg. Groups III-VIII were given DLT which is mixtures standard feed, oil pigs and chicken egg yolks (16:3:1) for 45 days, group II for 30 days and the treatment of test compounds given an oral for 15 days. Measurement of body fat profiles done on days 0, 30, and 45, while the lipase enzyme activity measurements done on days 30 and 45. At the end of the treatment performed histopathology analysis to liver organ and the aorta. Levels of body fat and activity profile of lipase obtained statistically analyzed with the Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney using SPSS release 16. The results obtained Suweg tubers suspensions 360 mg/kgBB rats can significantly reduce total cholesterol (p=0,047) and LDL-cholesterol (p=0,012) with the percentage decreased by 18,65% and 34,15%, and the effect is comparable with Orlistat. Suweg tubers suspensions 720 mg/kb can significantly reduce total cholesterol (p=0,009), triglycerides (p=0,043), and LDL-cholesterol (p=0,023) with the percentage decreased by 33,60%, 24,24% and 55,16%, and to increase HDL-cholesterol levels (p=0,021) with the percentage increase 12,26%, and the effect is comparable with Orlistat, but can’t reduce lipase enzyme activity. Suweg tubers suspensions 1440 mg/kg can’t reduce total cholesterol, triglycerides, and LDL-cholesterol and can’t increase HDL-cholesterol levels. Suweg tubers suspensions 360, 720, and 1440 mg/kg showed no fatty in liver cells and rat aorta

Kata Kunci : umbi Suweg, kolesterol total, trigliserida, LDL, HDL, enzim lipase