PERAN ASAM KLOROGENAT PADA KETAHANAN TANAMAN KENTANG VARIETAS ANDIGENA DAN GRANOLA TERHADAP SERANGAN NEMATODA SISTA KENTANG (Globodera rostochiensis)

Ika Purnamasari, Prof. Dr. Ir. Edhi Martono, M.Sc,

2012 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Hama Tumbuhan

Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui peran asam klorogenat dalam mekanisme ketahanan tanaman kentang varietas Andigena dan Granola serta mengetahui pengaruh serangan G. rostochiensis terhadap produksi kentang. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Juli 2011 sampai dengan Februari 2012 di lahan pertanaman kentang Desa Gembol, Kecamatan Pejawaran, Kabupaten Banjarnegara, Jawa Tengah, di Laboratorium Fitokimia, bagian Biologi Farmasi, Fakultas Farmasi, Universitas Gadjah Mada, dan di Laboratorium Nematologi, Jurusan Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Gadjah Mada. Hasil pengamatan populasi nematoda dan kandungan asam klorogenat pada Andigena lebih rendah dibanding Granola. Asam klorogenat memiliki peran yang signifikan dalam mekanisme ketahanan tanaman kentang, semakin tinggi populasi G. rostochiensis semakin banyak asam klorogenat yang dibentuk sebagai upaya bertahan tanaman. Populasi G. rostochiensis tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap hasil produksi kentang baik varietas Andigena maupun Granola. Produksi berat dan jumlah umbi pada tanaman menunjukkan hasil yang tidak berbeda nyata antar varietas tahan dan varietas rentan. Hasil pengamatan agronomi menunjukkan populasi G. rostochiensis tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap pertumbuhan tanaman.

The study was aimed to determine the role of chlorogenic acid in plant resistance mechanisms Andigena and Granola potato variety as well as determine the effect of G. rostochiensis on potato production. The study was conducted from July 2011 to February 2012 in potato fields Gembol Village, District Pejawaran, Banjarnegara, Central Java and in the Laboratory of Phytochemistry, the Pharmaceutical Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Gadjah Mada University as well as in Nematologi Laboratory, Department of Plant Pests and Diseases, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Gadjah Mada. The results showed that the nematode population and chlorogenic acid containts in the potato variety of Andigena more lower than Granola. Chlorogenic acid has a significant role in resistance mechanisms potato, the higher population of G. rostochiensis the more chlorogenic acid was formed. Population of G. rostochiensis was not significantly affect the potato production variety Andigena and Granola. Weight and number of potato tubers were not significantly different between resistant and susceptible variety. Agronomic observations indicated that the population of G. rostochiensis was not significantly effect on plant growth.

Kata Kunci : Andigena, Granola, asam klorogenat, Globodera rostochiensis, ketahanan tanaman.