IKLIM KESELAMATAN DAN PSYCHOLOGICAL CAPITAL SEBAGAI PREDIKTOR TERHADAP KOMITMEN ORGANISASI AFEKTIF KARYAWAN

IRENE FATMAWATI, Drs. Fathul Himam, M.Psi., M.a., Ph.D., Psi.

2012 | Tesis | S2 Magister Profesi Psikologi

Komitmen terhadap organisasi menjadi salah satu faktor penting dalam pencapaian tujuan organisasi, karena karyawan yang memiliki komitmen afektif tinggi akan berperilaku sesuai dengan nilai-nilai budaya dan tujuan organisasi. Iklim keselamatan kerja merupakan budaya yang harus dipatuhi agar pekerja dengan resiko tinggi dapat selalu terjaga keselamatannya. PsyCap merupakan suatu konstrak yang menggambarkan potensi dan kapasitas psikologis positif yang dimiliki seseorang, yang tersusun atas konstrak self-efficacy, optimism, hope, dan resiliency. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui hubungan antara iklim keselamatan, psychological capital dengan komitmen organisasi afektif. Hipotesis yang diajukan dalam penelitian ini adalah terdapat hubungan positif pada iklim keselamatan dan psychological capital dengan komitmen organisasi afektif karyawan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metodologi kuantitatif, dengan menggunakan skala sebagai alat pengumpul data. Skala yang digunakan adalah Safety Climate Questionnaire (Lu & Tsai, 2007), Psychological capital Questionnaire (Luthans, Youssef, & Avolio, 2007), dan Skala Komitmen Organisasi Afektif (Allen & Mayer, 1990). Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan analisis regresi ganda. Hasil analisis data terhadap total 143 responden menunjukkan bahwa variabel iklim keselamatan, psychological capital of Hope dan psychological capital of Resiliency secara bersama sama memberikan kontribusi sebesar 37% terhadap komitmen organisasi afektif karyawan didapatkan nilai F=16,448 dengan p< 0.01. Serta terdapat uji tambahan analisis regresi ganda pada variabel iklim keselamatan yang menunjukkan bahwa dimensi sikap keselamatan, dimensi pelatihan keselamatan dan dimensi praktek keselamatan rekan kerja yang berpengaruh terhadap komitmen organisasi afektif karyawan.

Commitment toward the organization becomes one of important factors in achieving organization’s goal because employees who have high affective commitment will behave based on cultural values and organization’s goal. Working safety climate is a culture that has to obey, so the employees with high risk job will always be able to keep safe. PsyCap is a particular construct that depicts positive psychological potency and capacity that is owned by a person, that is arranged by self-efficacy, optimism, hope, and resiliency constructs. The purpose of this study is to investigate the correlation among safety climate, psychology capital, and affective organizational commitment of the employees. Hypothesis proposed in this research had positive correlation in safety climate, psychological capital, and affective organizational commitment of the employees. This study used quantitative method, by using questioner as data collecting instrument. Questioners that were used were Safety Climate Questioner (Lu & Tsai, 2007), Psychological Capital Questioner (Luthans, Youssef, & Avolio, 2007), and Affective Organizational Commitment Questioner (Allen & Mayer, 1990). The data were analyzed by using double regression analysis. The result of data analysis toward total 143 respondents showed that safety climate variable, psychological capital of Hope, and psychological capital of Resiliency worked together to give contribution 37% toward affective organizational commitment of the employees. That got F value = 16.448 (p<0.01). Then, there was additional test of double regression analysis in safety climate variable which shows that safety attitude dimension, safety training dimension, and safety practice dimension of working partners that influenced toward affective organizational commitment of the employees.

Kata Kunci : iklim keselamatan, psychological capital, komitmen organisasi afektif