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Analisa Pengaruh GWM, LDR dan Inflasi Terhadap Net Profit Margin 4 (Empat) Bank BUMN di Indonesia Periode 2003-2010

Basaria Augustina, Prof. Dr. Abdul Halim M.B.A., Ak.

2012 | Tesis | S2 Magister Manajemen

Bank memiliki peran penting dalam perekonomian sebagai intermediasi pengumpulan dana masyarakat dan penyaluran dalam bentuk kredit yang tercermin dalam Loan Deposit Ratio. Bank juga berperan sebagai lembaga yang berperan dalam pelaksanan kebijakan moneter dalam menjaga likuiditas nasional. Salah satu kebijakan moneter yang mempengaruhi strategi bank adalah kebijakan BI dalam menentukan Giro Wajib Minimun. Faktor lain yang berpengaruh dalam perekonomian nasional maupun strategi Bank adalah tingkat inflasi yang mempengaruhi jumlah uang beredar di masyarakat. I Tujuan utama dari penelitian ini adalah melihat pengaruh Giro Wajib Minimum, Loan to Deposit Ratio dan Inflasi terhadap Net Profit Margin 4 (empat) Bank BUMN di Indonesia Periode 2003-2010. Dalam penelitian ini, Giro Wajib Minimum, Loan to Deposit Ratio dan Inflasi menjadi variabel bebas sedangkan Net Profit Margin merupakan variabel terikat. Metode pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode pengambilan sampel non probability sampling dengan teknik purposive sampling. Sedangkan metode analisis data yang digunakan adalah uji asumsi klasik yang terdiri dari Uji Multikolinieritas, Uji Heteroskedastisitas dan uji Autokorelasi, serta uji Hipotesis yang terdiri dari uji F dan uji t . Hasil penelitian menunjukkan Rasio Giro Wajib Minimum (GWM) berpengaruh signifikan positif terhadap Net Profit Margin (NPM). Loan to Deposit Ratio tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap Net Profit Margin (NPM). Inflasi tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap Net Profit Margin (NPM). Secara simultan rasio Giro Wajib Minimum (GWM), Loan to Deposit Ratio (LDR), dan Inflasi berpengaruh signifikan terhadap Net Profit Margin (NPM). Kontribusi pengaruh rasio Giro Wajib Minimum (GWM), Loan to Deposit Ratio (LDR), Inflasi terhadap Net Profit Margin (NPM) sebesar 23,4%, sisanya sebesar 76,4% dipengaruhi oleh faktor-faktor lain diluar model.

Bank has an important role in the economy as an intermediary and distributor of of public fund through loans which is reflected in the Loan Deposit Ratio. Bank also has a role as an institution that involves in the application of monetary policy in maintaining national liquidity. One of the monetary policies that influence the bank’s strategy is the BI’s policy in determining the Minimum Mandatory Clearing Account. Other influencing factor which influences the national economy and bank’s strategy is the inflation rate which influences the number of money exist in public. The main purpose of this research is to see the influence of Minimum Mandatory Clearing Account, Loan to Deposit Ratio and Inflation on the Net Profit Margin of 4 (four) BUMN Banks in Indonesia for the Period of 2003-2010. In this research the Minimum Mandatory Clearing Account, Loan to Deposit Ratio and inflation become the dependent variables while the Net Profit Margin becomes the independent variable. The data collection method in this research is the sampling method of non probability sampling with purposive sampling technique. The data analysis method used is the classic assumption test which consists of Multicolinierity Test, Heteroskedastisity Test and Autocorrelation Test, as well as the Hypothesis test which consist of the F-test and the t-Test. The research result showsthat the Minimum Mandatory Clearing Account Ratio (GWM) has a positive significant influence on the Net Profit Margin (NPM). Loan to Deposit Ratio has no significant influence on the Net Profit Margin (NPM). Inflation has no significant influence on the Net Profit Margin (NPM). Simultaneously the Minimum Mandatory Clearing Account (GWM), Loan to Deposit Ratio (LDR), and Inflation has a significant influence on the Net Profit Margin (NPM). The influence contribution of the Minimum Mandatory Clearing Account Ratio (GWM), Loan to Deposit Ratio (LDR), Inflation on the Net Profit Margin (NPM) is 23.4%, the remaining of 76.4% is influenced by other external factors outside the model.

Kata Kunci : Giro Wajib Minimum, Loan to Deposit Ratio, Inflasi, Net Profit Margin


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