VARIABEL PENDUGA BOBOT KARKAS SAPI SIMMENTAL PERANAKAN ONGOLE JANTAN HIDUP

SIGID PRABOWO, Panjono, S.Pt., M.P., Ph.D.

2012 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Peternakan

Tujuan penelitian adalah menginventarisasi variabel penduga bobot karkas yang dihasilkan dari seekor sapi hidup didasarkan pada persepsi pemotong sapi dan mengkaji hubungan variabel penduga secara statistika. Penelitian I yaitu survei terhadap 30 pemotong sapi di Yogyakarta, dianalisis secara deskriptif dan penelitian II yaitu pengukuran variabel penduga yang diperoleh pada penelitian I terhadap 61 ekor sapi Simmental Peranakan Ongole, dianalisis dengan korelasi, regresi, dan kurva estimasi. Hasil penelitian I diperoleh 14 variabel penduga yaitu panjang badan (90,0%), lebar pinggul (83,3%), tebal kulit (66,7%), paha belakang (53,3%), paha depan (53,3%), lebar pangkal ekor (46,7%), dalam dada (36,7%), lingkar perut (36,7%), lingkar tulang canon (30,0%), kepadatan daging (30,0%), panjang ekor (26,7%), lebar tulang lumbar (20,0%), tinggi gumba (6,7%), dan lebar leher (6,7%). Penelitian II diperoleh 13 variabel penduga yang berhubungan positif (P<0,01) yaitu panjang badan (X1), lebar pinggul(X4), tebal kulit, paha belakang, paha depan, lebar pangkal ekor (X5), dalam dada (X7), lingkar perut, (X2), lingkar canon, kepadatan daging, lebar lumbar, tinggi gumba (X3), dan lebar leher (X6). Persamaan regresi bobot badan yaitu Y= -993,882+ 1,446X1+1,994X2+3,025X3+4,284X4+8,902X5+5,260X6, dengan koefisien determinasi 0,898. Persamaan regresi bobot karkas yaitu Y= -741,714+1,779X1+ 2,346X3+1,048X2+2,448X4+3,160X6, koefisien determinasi 0,905. Persamaan regresi bobot daging Y= -749,427+2,349X1+1,988X7+1,858X3+1,019X2+4,959X5, koefisien determinasi 0,902. Persamaan kurva estimasi bobot badan yaitu Y= - 1243,169+15,311(X1)-0,021(X1)2 koefisien determinasi 0,654. Persamaan kurva estimasi bobot karkas yaitu Y= -559,207+5,611(X1)+0,001(X1)2 koefisien determinasi 0,702. Persamaan kurva estimasi bobot daging yaitu Y= -484,141+ 4,801(X1)+0,003(X1)2 koefisien determinasi 0,709. Variabel penduga bobot badan, karkas, dan daging terbaik adalah panjang badan.

The objectives of this study were to inventory predictor variables carcass weight at live based on perseption of butchers and to examine statistical relationship among predictor variables. The study consisted of two step, 1st study was survey using 30 butchers in Yogyakarta, analyzed by descriptive analysis and 2nd study was measuring predictor variables obtained in 1st study using 61 heads Simmental Crossbreed Ongole bulls, analyzed by correlation, regression, and estimation curve analysis. The results of 1st study obtained 14 variables i.e. body length (90.0%), coxae width (83.3%), skin thickness (66.7%), hindleg (53.3%), foreleg (53.3 %), root tail width (46.7%), hearth depth (36.7%), abdominal girth (36.7%), canon girth (30.0%), meat firmness (30.0%), tail length (26.7%), lumbar width (20.0%), hump height (6.7%) and neck width (6.7%). The seconds study obtained 13 variables had positive correlation (P<0.01) i.e. body length (X1), coxae width (X4), skin thickness, hindleg, foreleg, root tail width (X5), hearth depth (X7), abdominal girth (X2), canon girth, meat firmness, lumbar width, hump height (X3), and neck width (X6), Regression equation for body weight was Y= -993.882+1.446X1+1.994X2+3.025X3+4.284X4+8.902X5+5.260X6, determination coefficient 0.898. Regression equation carcass weight was Y= -741.714+ 1.779X1+2.346X3+1.048X2+2.448X4+3.160X6, determination coefficient 0.905. Regression equation meat weight was Y= -749.427+2.349X1+1.988X7+1.858X3+ 1.019X2+4.959X5, determination coefficient 0.902. Estimation curve equation body weight was Y= -1243.169+15.311(X1)-0.021(X1)2 determination coefficient 0.654. Estimation curve equation carcass weight was Y= -559.207+5.611(X1)+ 0.001(X1)2 determination coefficient 0.702. Estimation curve equation meat weight was Y= -484.141+4.801(X1)+0.003 (X1)2 determination coefficient 0.709. body length was greatest predictor variable body, carcass, and meat weight.

Kata Kunci : Variabel penduga, Bobot karkas, Simmental Peranakan Ongole