PELUANG PENGEMBANGAN PERTANIAN ORGANIK PADA BUDIDAYA PADI LADANG DI KABUPATEN KAPUAS HULU

EMIYATI, Prof.Dr.Ir.Djoko Prajitno, M.Sc.

2012 | Tesis | S2 Agronomi

Petani di pedalaman Kalimantan Barat sebagian besar memenuhi pangan pokok melalui kegiatan ladang berpindah, umumnya budidaya secara tradisional. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui kemungkinan produk yang dihasilkan apakah dapat diclaim sebagai produk pertanian organik. Penentuan wilayah menggunakan Multistage Random Sampling. Selain itu digunakan metode Stratified Random Sampling dalam penentuan kecamatan, distratifikasi berdasarkan jarak. Terpilih random 2 kecamatan yang dekat (0-115 km) yaitu: Putussibau Selatan dan Putussibau Utara dan 2 yang jauh (116-230 km) dari ibukota kabupaten Kapuas Hulu, yaitu: Silat Hulu dan Embaloh Hulu (4 kecamatan), 2 desa per kecamatan, (8 desa) dan 5 petani per desa (40 petani). Penelitian menggunakan statistik inferensi dan statistik desktiptif dengan klasifikasi hirarki pada tingkat kepercayaan 95%, jika terdapat beda nyata dilanjutkan dengan uji jarak berganda Duncan. Pengamatan terhadap cara budidaya menggunakan quisioner dengan Standard Nasional Indonesia sebagai pembanding. Selain itu pengamatan terhadap komponen pertumbuhan dan hasil untuk mengetahui produksi melalui pengamatan terhadap 5 rumpun sampel dan kegiatan pengubinan. Cara budidaya di kecamatan-kecamatan yang dekat kurang sesuai daripada yang jauh dari ibukota kabupaten. Kecamatan Embaloh Hulu paling sesuai dan memiliki peluang paling besar. Terdapat 70% petani menerapkan pertanian organik, yang terbagi menjadi: 40% berpeluang menerapkan pertanian organik untuk komersial dan 30% untuk memenuhi konsumsi keluarga. Produksi di kecamatan yang dekat lebih rendah daripada yang jauh. Produksi terendah hanya 1,33 ton/ha di kecamatan Putussibau Utara yang terletak dekat ibukota dan tertinggi mencapai 2,22 ton/ha di kecamatan Embaloh Hulu yang terletak jauh dari ibukota kabupaten.

Farmers in the interior of West Kalimantan largely meet their basic food needs through shifting cultivation, generally with indigenous traditional cultivation practices. This study aimed to determine whether the products of shifting cultivation can be claimed as those of organic farming. Study areas were determined, in advance, using Random Sampling. Additionally, the method of Stratified Random Sampling is used in determining the district stratified based on distance. Two sub-districts located near (0-115km) to the capital of regency, South Putussibau and North Putussibau, have been randomly selected. The same holds true for two other subdistricts located far (116- 230 km) from the capital of the Kapuas Hulu regency; Silat Hulu and Embaloh Hulu. Overall, there are 4 subdistricts, 8 villages (4 in each subdistrict) and 40 farmers (5 in each village). The research employed descriptive and inferential statistics with hierarchical classification at the 95% level of confidence, and this will be followed by Duncan's Multiple Range Test if there is a real difference. Observation of cultivation practices was conducted using questionnaire with the Indonesian National Standard as a comparison. In addition, the observation of the growth and yield components to determine the production is done by observing 5 clumps of samples and tessellation activities. The cultivation practices in the sub districts located near to the capital of regency were less appropriate compared to those of remote sub districts. In this case, Embaloh Hulu subdistrict was the most appropriate and had the greatest opportunities. There were 70% of farmers who adopt organic agriculture, which are divided into two: 40% has the chance to adopt organic farming for commercial and 30% to meet their family consumption. Productions in the nearby subdistricts were much lower than the remote ones. The lowest production was 1.33 tonnes/ha in Putussibau Utara subdistrict located near the capital, and the highest production was 2.22 tonnes/ha in Embaloh Hulu subdistrict located remotely from the capital.

Kata Kunci : Budidaya padi ladang, metode, peluang pengembangan pertanian organik.