PERAN PERAWAT KESEHATAN MASYARAKAT PADA LOKASI RESIKO TINGGI PENULARAN PMS/HIV-AIDS DI WILAYAH KABUPATEN BANYUMAS JAWA TENGAH

Wasis Eko Kurniawan, S.Kep., Ns., dr. Lutfan Lazuardi, M.Kes, Ph.D,

2012 | Tesis | S2 Kesehatan Masyarakat/MMPK

Latar Belakang: Perawat merupakan seseorang yang telah menyelesaikan pendidikan keperawatan dan memiliki ijasah dari pendidikan tersebut, Peran perawat sesuai dengan hasil lokakarya Nasional Keperawatan yang diadakan bulan januari 1993 mempuyai 4 peran yaitu (1) Peran sebagai pelaksana pelayanan, (2) Peran sebagai pengelola dalam bidang pelayanan dan institusi bidang keperawatan, (3) Peran sebagai pendidik dalam ilmu keperawatan, (4) Peran sebagai peneliti dan pengembang ilmu keperawatan. Peran perawat di tempat-tempat resiko penularan PMS-HIV/AIDS dituntut memiliki banyak peran guna menanggulangi PMS/HIV-AIDS. Tujuan : Untuk mengetahui potensi peran perawat kesehatan masyarakat pada lokasi-lokasi resiko tinggi penularan PMS/HIV-AIDS diwilayah Kabupaten Banyumas Metode Penelitian:Penelitian ini bersifat eksploratif dengan metode pendekatan kualitatif diskriptif. Subyek penelitian yaitu perawat yang bertugas di 5 Puskesmas berjumlah 25 perawat dan masyarakat resiko tinggi penularan, pengambilan sampel pada masyarakat resiko tinggi penularan ini menggunakan metode bola salju (snowball sampling). Data dikumpulkan melalui observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Analisis data dilakukan melalui tiga tahap yaitu data reduction, data display, dan conclusion drawing/verification. Hasil: Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan, potensi peran perawat kesehatan masyarakat pada lokasi-lokasi resiko tinggi penularan PMS/HIV-AIDS di wilayah Kabupaten Banyumas adalah sebagai: 1)pelaksana; 2)pengelola; 3)pendidik; 4)sebagai peneliti. Namun, peran sebagai peneliti sama sekali tidak dijalankan. Kompetensi yang perlu dikembangkan yaitu: pengelola program, pendidik dan peneliti. Kesimpulan: Peran perawat kesehatan masyarakat pada lokasi-lokasi resiko tinggi penularan PMS/HIV-AIDS di wilayah Kabupaten Banyumas adalah sebagai: 1)pelaksana, 2)pengelola dan 3)pendidik, tapi peran peneliti sama sekali belum dijalankan.

Background: A nurse is a person who has finished an education in nursing and has a certificate of the education. There are 4 roles of a nurse based on a workshop conducted in January 1993. They are: (1) Role as a service giver, (2) Role as a manager in service in the institution of nursing, (3) Role as a teacher in nursing science, (4) Role as a researcher and developer in nursing science. The role of a nurse in areas with high risk infection of Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STD)/HIV-AIDS are required to have more roles to overcome STD/HIV-AIDS. Objective: To find out the potential role of the community health nurses in areas with high risk infection of the STD/HIV-AIDS in Banyumas Regency. Research Method: This research is an explorative research using descriptive qualitative approach. The subjects of the research were 25 the nurses who were in charge in 5 Community Health Service and high risk infected community. The sampling method used on the high risk infected community was the snowballing sampling. The data were gathered through observation, interview and documentation. The data analysis were conducted through three levels, they were reducing data, displaying data and drawing conclusion/verification. Result: The result of this research shows that the potential of the community health nurses roles in the area with high risk infection of the STD/HIV-AIDS in Banyumas Regency are: 1) doer; 2) manager; 3) educator; 4) researcher. However, the role as a researcher is not carried out at all. The competencies which need to be improved are as program manager, educator and researcher. Conclusion: The roles of community health nurses in the high risk area of STD/HIV-AIDS in Banyumas Regency are as follow: 1) doer, 2) manager, and 3) educator , but the role as a researcher is not yet carried out at all.

Kata Kunci : Peran perawat Kesehatan Masyarakat, resiko penularan PMS/HIV-AIDS