PERBEDAAN KADAR INTERLEUKIN-6 PADA BERBAGAI STADIUM KLINIS KANKER PAYUDARA

Ani Uswatun Chasanah, dr. Andaru Dahesihdewi, M.Kes, SpPK(K)

2012 | Tesis | S2 Ked.Klinik/MS-PPDS

Kanker payudara merupakan salah satu penyakit yang banyak menimbulkan morbiditas dan mortalitas. Prevalensi kanker payudara semakin meningkat di seluruh dunia termasuk di Indonesia seiring dengan peningkatan angka harapan hidup, sosial ekonomi, serta perubahan pola penyakit. Lebih dari separuh penderita kanker payudara terdiagnosis sudah dalam stadium lanjut saat tumor telah mengalami metastasis sehingga penanganannya cenderung terlambat dan hanya bersifat paliatif. Biologi kanker kompleks, melibatkan onkogenesis, evasion of host immune defense mechanisms, angiogenesis, invasi dan metastasis. Selama ini interleukin-6 lebih dikenal sebagai sitokin inflamasi yang memediasi hematopoesis dan aktivasi limfosit, tetapi penelitian-penelitian terbaru melaporkan IL-6 memiliki peran sebagai mediator progresivitas tumor. Ekspresi IL-6 berkorelasi dengan derajat tumor dan survival yang buruk. Hasil penelitianpenelitian ini memungkinkan pengembangan terapi baru anti IL-6 yang diharapkan dapat memperbaiki hasil terapi yang sudah ada. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional analitik dengan desain potong lintang untuk mengetahui perbedaan kadar IL-6 pada berbagai stadium klinis kanker payudara. Subyek penelitian adalah pasien suspek kanker payudara yang datang ke poliklinik onkologi Tulip atau pasien pre-operasi di ruang perawatan bedah RSUP Dr. Sardjito Yogyakarta yang dipilih secara berurutan dan memenuhi kriteria inklusi maupun eklusi. Pemeriksaan IL-6 serum menggunakan metode quantitative sandwich electrochemiluminescence immunoassay. Hasil penelitian ditampilkan dalam analisis deskriptif dan analisis perbedaan kadar pada berbagai stadium klinis.

Breast cancer is one of the many diseases that cause morbidity and mortality. The prevalence of breast cancer is increasing worldwide including in Indonesia along with increased life expectancy, socioeconomic, and changes in disease patterns. More than half of patients with breast cancer was diagnosed in an advanced stage when the tumor has had metastasis to the handling tends to be late and only palliative. The biology of breast cancer is complex, involving oncogenesis, evasion of host immune defense mechanisms, angiogenesis, invasion and metastasis. So far, interleukin-6, better known as cytokines that mediate inflammation and activation of lymphocytes hematopoesis, but recent studies reported IL-6 has a role as a mediator of tumor progression. IL-6 expression correlated with the degree of tumor, and poor survival. The results of these studies enabled the development of new therapeutic anti-IL-6 to improve the existing therapy. This study is an observational analytic study with a cross-sectional design to determine differences in levels of IL-6 at various clinical stages of breast cancer. The subjects in this study were consecutive patients with suspected breast cancer that visited the oncology clinic Tulip or pre-operative patients in the surgical treatment of Dr. Sardjito hospital in Yogyakarta who fullfilled the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Examination of IL-6 serum using a quantitative sandwich electrochemiluminescence immunoassay method. The results shown in the descriptive analysis and analysis of differences in levels at various clinical stages.

Kata Kunci : Kanker payudara, interleukin-6, stadium klinis, metastasis