EFEKTIVITAS KOORDINASI PELAYANAN KESEHATAN PENGUNGSI DI POS PENGUNGSIAN MAGUWOHARJO PADA MASA TANGGAP DARURAT BENCANA GUNUNG MERAPI PROVINSI DAERAH ISTIMEWA YOGYAKARTA TAHUN 2010

Enik Listyaningsih, dr. Yodi Mahendradhata., M.Sc., Ph.D.

2012 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat

Latar Belakang: Dampak letusan Gunung Merapi di Yogyakarta sangat berbahaya bagi kesehatan penduduk. Penyediaan pelayanan kesehatan sangat penting terutama pada masa tanggap darurat. Maguwoharjo adalah pos pengungsian dengan jumlah pengungsi terbanyak. Masalah dalam pelayanan kesehatan pengungsi yakni distribusi tenaga kesehatan yang tidak merata. Koordinasi pelayanan kesehatan sangat penting untuk mengatasi masalah kesehatan yang timbul. Metode Penelitian: Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan menggunakan metode wawancara mendalam. Informan penelitian adalah perwakilan dari Dinas Kesehatan Provinsi DI Yogyakarta, Dinas Kesehatan Kabupaten Sleman, Puskesmas Depok 1, LSM dan mantan pengungsi. Untuk menjamin validitas data digunakan triangulasi sumber . Hasil penelitian: Koordinasi pelayanan kesehatan dikaji dari aspek komunikasi dan pengorganisasian. Komunikasi dilakukan dengan pertemuan setiap pagi dan sore yang melibatkan koordinator pos pengungsian, koordinator relawan, dan dinas kesehatan. Selain pertemuan, komunikasi juga dilakukan dengan cara SMS gateway dan skype. Pengorganisasian dilakukan dengan membuat struktur organisasi, yang menggambarkan susunan personalia dan wewenangnya. Sampai akhir masa pengungsian diketahui bahwa tidak terjadi KLB, menurunnya angka kejadian penyakit, dan infeksi penyakit terkendali. Namun, masih ditemukan keterbatasan sumber daya manusia, sarana, dan tidak adanya prosedur standar pelayanan kesehatan pengungsi. Kesimpulan: Koordinasi pelayanan kesehatan pengungsi pada masa tanggap darurat sudah efektif tetapi masih harus meningkatkan informasi kepada pengungsi dan relawan, Dinas kesehatan Provinsi dan Dinas Kesehatan Kabupaten harus mempunyai SOP.

Background: The eruption of Mount Merapi in Yogyakarta has caused dangerous impact to the people’s health. It is important to provide a good health care services during emergency response. Maguwoharjo is a shelter with the largest number of refugees. However, there is a problem because the health care staffs are not well distributed in that shelter. The coordination on health care service is important to overcome the health problems during emergency response. Methods: This is a qualitative study using in-depth interviews method to collect data. The informants are representatives from Yogyakarta provincial health office, Sleman district health office, primary health care center of Depok, Non Government Office/NGO, and former refugees. To ensure the validity of data, we do the triangulation. Results: The coordination of health care service to refugees is studied from its communication and organization. The communication was done by regular meetings in the morning and in the afternoon involving shelter’s coordinator, volunteer’s coordinator, and representative from both provincial and district health office. Not only by the regular meeting, but also by using SMS gateway and skype (internet-based). There was also a hierarchial structure to organize all health care staffs and their responsibilities during emergency response. Until the end of the evacuation, there was no outbreaks, incidence of disease was dcreased, and infectious disease controlled. However, it still not enough of health care personels, lack of adequate facilities, and unavailable of operating standard procedure regarding to provide good health services to refugees. Conclusion: The coordination of health services to refugees during the emergency:It is effective but still need to improve the information to the refugees and the volunteers,and the provincial health department and the country health department should have SOPs.

Kata Kunci : Efektivitas, koordinasi, pelayanan kesehatan, pengungsi