PROGRAM ‘KERETA ANAK TERTIB’ UNTUK MENURUNKAN PERILAKU DISRUPTIF ANAK TAMAN KANAK-KANAK

LUH AYU TIRTAYANI, Dr. Wisjnu Martani, S.U., Psi.,

2012 | Tesis | S2 Magister Profesi Psikologi

Perilaku disruptif di kelas berdampak negatif terhadap keterlibatan anak dalam kegiatan belajar dan interaksi sosial dengan sesama teman. Dampak negatif ini dikhawatirkan akan semakin besar jika perilaku disruptif di masa kanak-kanak tidak mendapatkan penanganan secara tepat. Tritmen keperilakuan terbukti efektif dalam penanganan perilaku disruptif, oleh sebab itu, juga diterapkan pada penelitian ini sebagai bentuk tritmen terhadap perilaku disruptif di Kelompok A Taman Kanak-kanak. Tritmen keperilakuan ini disebut program ‘Kereta Anak Tertib’, yang mengkombinasikan ketepatan penyampaian perintah dan ekonomi token terhadap anak di dalam kelas. Program diterapkan setiap hari, seiring berlangsungnya kegiatan belajar inti bagi siswa di kelas. Penelitian eksperimen kasus tunggal ini menggunakan penerapan dan penarikan program dari kelas (ABAB) di Kelompok A, dan pengukuran follow-up dilakukan saat partisipan di Kelompok B Taman Kanak-kanak. Data kuantitatif dianalisis secara visual (visual inspection) dan mengggunakan uji Friedman, sedangkan data kualitatif dipaparkan secara deskriptif. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa program ‘Kereta Anak Tertib’ dapat menurunkan perilaku disruptif anak Taman Kanak-kanak.

Disruptive behaviours negatively impact the involvement of children in classroom learning activities and social interaction with their peers. This negative impact is even greater if a child does not get receive prompt and appropriate treatment. Behavioral treatment has been proven effective for cases of disruptive behaviour in children, therefor, this study involved behavioral treatment to treating children's disruptive behaviour in first year class (Kelompok A) of Kindergarten. This treatment called the ‘Kereta Anak Tertib ' programme, is a strategy combining a correct approach to giving instructions to children as known as ‘precision request’ and ‘token economy’. The program is applied each day during the core learning activities in the classroom. This single case experimental study applied repeated measurements (ABAB) in first year class (Kelompok A) and follow-up was conducted in the second year class (Kelompok B). Quantitative data were analyzed visually (visual inspection) and with a Friedman test, also qualitative data were presented in narrative form. The results showed that the 'Kereta Anak Tertib' programme can reduce children’s disruptive behaviour.

Kata Kunci : perilaku disruptif anak, tritmen keperilakuan, rancangan eksperimen kasus tunggal