KAJIAN BASIS KONSERVASI DALAM PENGELOLAAN HUTAN RAKYAT DI KABUPATEN BANTUL PROVINSI DAERAH ISTIMEWA YOGYAKARTA
HARRY SOETRISNO,S.HUT., Prof. Dr. Ir. H. Djoko Marsono,
2012 | Tesis | S2 I.Kehutanan/MKSDALHutan rakyat memiliki fungsi dan peranan yang sangat penting secara ekologis dan ekonomis, sehingga dalam pengelolaan serta pemanfaatannya harus memperhatikan kelestariannya. Salah satu upaya menjaga kelestarian hutan rakyat adalah dengan menerapkan prinsip konservasi dalam sistem pengelolaannya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh informasi tentang pengelolaan hutan rakyat di Kabupaten Bantul, mempelajari pelaksanaan prinsip konservasi di hutan rakyat di kabupaten Bantul dan mengkaji faktor-faktor apa saja yang mempengaruhi petani dalam melaksanakan prinsip konservasi di lahan hutan rakyat di kabupaten Bantul Penelitian dilakukan dengan melakukan observasi, pengisian kuisioner,wawancara dan dokumentasi terhadap responden petani hutan rakyat di 3 kecamatan (Pundong, Imogiri dan Dlingo) di kabupaten Bantul. Pada setiap kecamatan diambil 60 responden sehingga total terdapat 180 responden. Data responden yang diambil sebagai variabel independen adalah umur, lama menempuh pendidikan formal, jenis mata pencaharian utama, jumlah anggota keluarga, luas hutan rakyat yang dikelola, jarak dari rumah ke hutan rakyat, frekuensi penyuluhan yang diterima selama 1 tahun terakhir serta lokasi. Sebagai variabel dependen adalah panjang terasering, luas areal agroforestry dan jumlah tanaman kayu-kayuan yang ditanam di hutan rakyat yang dikelola responden. Selanjutnya data diolah dengan analisis regresi linier berganda untuk mengetahui variabel independen yang berpengaruh nyata terhadap pelaksanaan prinsip konservasi di kabupaten Bantul. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hutan rakyat di kabupaten Bantul umumnya dilakukan di lahan milik sendiri, dengan rata-rata luas lahan sebesar 0,44 hektar dan jarak ratarata dari rumah ke lahan hutan rakyat 965,67 meter. Prinsip konservasi yang paling umum diterapkan di hutan rakyat yang dikelola adalah kegiatan pembuatan terasering, agroforestry dan penanaman kayu-kayuan. Faktor-faktor yang paling mempengaruhi petani dalam melaksanakan prinsip konservasi di lahan hutan rakyat adalah luas lahan yang dikelola. . Disamping itu faktor umur, jumlah anggota keluarga, jarak dari rumah ke lahan hutan rakyat, frekuensi penyuluhan yang diterima serta lokasi juga mempunyai pengaruh terhadap petani dalam pelaksanaan prinsip konservasi di lahan hutan rakyat yang dikelolanya. Sedangkan faktor lama menempuh pendidikan formal dan jenis mata pencaharian utama tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap petani dalam melaksanakan prinsip konservasi di lahan hutan rakyat yang dikelolanya.
Community forest has very important function and role both ecologically dan economically that its preservation is a matter of concern in its management and utilization. One of the means of maintaining the preservation of a community forest is by applying the principle of soil and water conservation to the management system. This research aims at obtaining information on the management of community forests in Bantul Regency; studying the application of the principle of soil and water conservation in Bantul Regency; and examining the factors that influence farmers in applying the principle of soil and water conservation to the community forest areas in Bantul Regency. The research was conducted by observing, completing questionnaires, interviewing and documentation of community forest farmer respondents in 3 subdistricts (Pundong, Imogiri and Dlingo) of Bantul Regency. In each of the subdistricts, 60 respondents were employed, summing up 180 respondents in total. The data collected from the respondents employed as independent variables were age, duration of formal education, primary means of livelihood, number of family members, width of community forests, distance of the community forests from their houses, frequencies of counseling attended and location. In addition, the dependent variables were length of terracing, width of agroforestry areas and numbers of woody plants cultivated in the community forests. Subsequently, the data was processed using the multiple linear regression analysis in order to identify the independent variables that significantly affected the application of soil and water conservation principles in Bantul Regency The result of the study revealed that in general the community forests in Bantul Regency were private lands, with the average width of 0,44 hectare, and the average distance of the community forests from the respondent’s houses was 969,67 meters. The most commonly applied soil and water conservation principles in the community forests were terracing, agroforestry and wood trees cultivation. The factor that influences farmers most in applying soil and water conservation principles in community forest areas was the width of area they ma nage. In addition, the factors of age, number of family members, distance of the community forests from the farmer’s houses, frequencies of counseling attended and location also had influence in the farmer’s applying soil and water conservation principles to the community forest area they managed. On the other hand, the duration of formal education and the primary means of livelihood did not have significant effect on the farmers in applying the conservation principles to the community forest areas they managed.
Kata Kunci : soil and water conservation, community forest
