PENGARUH LEVEL KALSIUM HIDROKSIDA DAN KADAR AIR BAHAN TERHADAP KOMPOSISI KIMIA DAN KECERNAAN IN VITRO DAUN KELAPA SAWIT

RIA ANJALANI, Ir. Subur Priyono Sasmito Budhi, Ph.D.,

2012 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Peternakan

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh level kalsium hidroksida dan kadar air bahan pada pemeraman daun kelapa sawit terhadap komposisi kimia dan kecernaan secara in vitro. Level Ca(OH)2 (b/b) yang digunakan sebesar 0%, 3%, dan 6%. Kadar air daun kelapa sawit yang digunakan adalah 40%, 50%, dan 60%. Masing–masing perlakuan diulang sebanyak 3 kali. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap pola faktorial 3 x 3. Setelah diberi perlakuan, daun kelapa sawit ditempatkan pada kantong plastik polyethylene dan disimpan selama 21 hari. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis variansi dan apabila terdapat perbedaan antara perlakuan akan diuji lanjut dengan Duncan’s multiple range test. Dari penelitian diperoleh hasil kandungan BK, BO, PK, SK, LK, BETN, NDF, dan ADF masing–masing sebesar 37,89 – 59,52%, 87,83 – 92,96%, 8,32 – 9,84%, 35,91 – 40,63%, 5,98 – 7,47%, 34,66 – 40,06%, 64,74 – 75,39%, dan 46,56 – 59,32%. KcBK dan KcBO daun kelapa sawit diperoleh sebesar 19,26 – 29,55% dan 19,91 – 28,26%. Disimpulkan bahwa perlakuan dengan level kadar air dan Ca(OH)2 masing-masing mempengaruhi komposisi kimia daun kelapa sawit, tetapi tidak pada kecernaannya. Kurang efektifnya perlakuan tunggal Ca(OH)2, waktu perlakuan yang singkat, dan level yang rendah menyebabkan efektivtas perlakuan Ca(OH)2 pada daun kelapa sawit masih rendah. Ca(OH)2 dengan level 6% dan kadar air 40% menunjukkan hasil terbaik pada penelitian ini.

This study was conducted to obtain the effects of calcium hydroxide and moisture content level on palm leaves treated on its chemical composition and in vitro digestibility. Ca(OH)2 level (w/w) were added in DM basis in 0%, 3%, and 6%. Moisture content are used in 40%, 50%, and 60%. Each treatments consist of 3 replications. After treatment, oil palm leaves were placed in polyethylene plastic bag and stored for 21 days. Data were analyzed by variance (Analysis of Variance) in 3 x 3 factorial arrangement and continued with Duncan’s multiple range test if there were differences among treatments. Result showed the DM, OM, CP, CF, EE, NFE, NDF, and ADF of palm leaves after treated were 37.89 - 59.52%, 87.83 – 92.96%, 8.32 – 9.84%, 35.91 – 40.63%, 5.98 – 7.47%, 34.66 – 40.06%, 64.74 – 75.39%, and 46.56 – 59.32%, respectively. The IVDMD and IVOMD of palm leaves were 19.26 – 29.55% and 19.91 – 28.26%. It could be concluded that each level of Ca(OH)2 and moisture content affected the chemical composition of palm leaves, but not for its digestibility. Less effectiveness of Ca(OH)2 as single treatment, low level of Ca(OH)2, and short time treatment periode caused low effectiveness of Ca(OH)2 treatment on palm leaves. Ca(OH)2 6% with 40% moisture content was given the best results in this study.

Kata Kunci : Daun kelapa sawit, Ca(OH)2, Kadar air, Kecernaan, In vitro