EVALUASI PEMBERDAYAAN JURU PEMANTAU JENTIK DALAM PEMBERANTASAN DEMAM BERDARAH DENGUE DI KABUPATEN BANTUL
Hadi Pranoto, dr. Mubasysyir Hasanbasri, MA
2011 | Tesis | S2 Kesehatan Masyarakat/MMPKLatar belakang: Penyakit Demam Berdarah menjadi masalah kesehatan di Kabupaten Bantul. Pemerintah Kabupaten Bantul telah mengupayakan penanggulangan dengan memberikan penyuluhan langsung kepada masyarakat, penggerakan masyarakat untuk PSN, fogging, dan mengupayakan pembebasan desa dari 4 masalah kesehatan, termasuk DBD (DB4MK). Langkah inovasi pemerintah Kabupaten Bantul adalah pemberdayaan juru pemantau jentik (Jumantik RT dan Jumantik Desa). Jumantik RT bertugas menggerakkan masyarakat untuk PSN, dan melaporkan hasil PJB kepada Jumantik Desa. Jumantik Desa memantau kinerja Jumantik RT, melaporkan hasil PJB ke kecamatan dan kabupaten serta mengevaluasi hasil pelaksanaan PJB. Tujuan Penelitian: Mengevaluasi pemberdayaan Jumantik RT dan Jumantik Desa dalam pemberantasan DBD di Kabupaten Bantul. Metode: Penelitian kualitatif dengan rancangan rapid assesment procedure (RAP). Informan berjumlah 99 orang yang merupakan pelaksana dan penanggungjawab program DBD. Pengumpulan data menggunakan diskusi kelompok terarah (DKT), wawancara mendalam, observasi dan studi dokumentasi. Lokasi penelitian di 6 kecamatan endemis DBD di Kabupaten Bantul. Hasil Penelitian: Pemberdayaan Jumantik dalam pemberantasan DBD di Kabupaten Bantul dimulai dengan perekrutan kader kesehatan menjadi Jumantik RT dan Jumantik Desa. Perekrutan dilakukan dengan penunjukan langsung oleh dukuh atas masukan dari ketua RT, PPKBD dan puskesmas. Teamwork Jumantik adalah ketua RT, ketua Dasa Wisma, dukuh, Tim Tanggap Demam Berdarah Dengue Kecamatan, dan Tim Tanggap Demam Berdarah Dengue Kabupaten. Pelatihan Jumantik Desa dilakukan oleh Dinas Kesehatan Kabupaten, dan Jumantik RT oleh Jumantik Desa. Materi pelatihan meliputi aspek teknis dan administrasi. Dalam pelatihan Jumantik diperlengkapi dengan Form PJB, senter, leaflet DBD dan abate. Reward bagi Jumantik dianggarkan melalui APBD Kabupaten Bantul dalam bentuk honor yang diberikan setiap bulan. Pemberdayaan Jumantik berhasil meningkatkan ABJ. Kesimpulan: Pemberdayaan Jumantik di Kabupaten Bantul telah meningkatkan partisipasi masyarakat dalam PSN, sehingga ABJ meningkat.
Background: Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) has become a problem in Bantul District and led to an extraordinary event. The government of Bantul had done frequent health education to people, been mobilizing them to implement breeding palce eradication (PSN), fogging, and carried out activity of free villages from 4 basic health problems, including DHF. Innovative measures taken by Bantul District government in prevention of DHF is empowering larva observer in family groups level (Jumantik RT) with the main task of periodically observing larva breeding sites, eradicating them, and reporting its results to the higher level such as Jumantik Desa. Jumantik Desa in their tasks were monitoring activity performance of Jumantik RT, reporting the result of larva breeding sites eradication to the higher authority, and evaluating its implementation. Objective: This study was aimed at evaluating the empowerment of Jumantik RT and Jumantik Desa in eradicating DHF in Bantul District. Method: A qualitative research with rapid assessment procedure (RAP) was used for this research. The number of subjects were 99.consisted those who were working in the field up to the decision makers. Data were collected by focus group discussion, in-depth interviews, observation and documents study. The study was located in six endemic DHF subdistricts. Results: Jumantik empowerment in eradicating DHF in Bantul District was begun by health cader recruitment to be Jumantik RT and Jumantik Desa. Recruitment was done by direct appointment of Dukuh based on the recommendation of Head of RT, PPKBD and Public Health Center. The teamwork of Jumantik was Head of RT, Head of the Ten Home Group, Dukuh, Team of DHF from sub-district and district of Bantul. The training process for Jumantik Desa was carried out by the Health Center of Bantul Districts, and for Jumantik RT by local village. The Jumantiks were equipped by the periodic larva eradication, flashlight, and leaflet of DHF and abate powder. Reward for them were budgeted from Bantul District in the form of monthly honorary. Jumantik empowerment had been successfully improving the absence of larva rate (ABJ). Conclusion: The community participation in the implemention of breeding place eradication (PSN) encouraged by Larva Observers empowerment has increased the absence of larva rate (ABJ)
Kata Kunci : evaluasi, pemberdayaan, Juru Pemantau Jentik (Jumantik), demam berdarah dengue.
