THE EFFECT OF DIABETES MELLITUS ON THE THICKNESS OF GINGIVAL JUNCTIONAL EPITHELIUM (Study in the Experiment of Caspase-3)
ABDELAZIZ MOHAMED A., Dr. Totok Utoro, D.Med.Sc.Sp.PA.
2011 | Tesis | S2 Kedokteran Gigi-
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disorder manifested by abnormally high levels of blood glucose, resulting in hyperglicemia that affected on the oral cavity, leading to periodontitis. The junctional epithelium (JE) is the epithelial component of the dento-gingival unit that is in contact with the tooth surface, located between a non-renewable tooth surface and gingival connective tissue. In addition, apoptosis is a highly regulated form of programmed cell death that can be triggered by various signals and is characterized by well-defined morphologic changes and biochemical features. Caspase-3 is involved in the underlying mechanisms of apoptosis and the activation of caspase-3 is considered to be the final step in many apoptosis pathways. Hence, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of diabetes mellitus (DM) on the expression of caspase-3 and the thickness of JE. Sixteen male Sprague-Dawley rats were used, and divided equally into two groups: Group I, as diabetic groups that injected intraperitoneal by streptozotocin (STZ). Group II, as negative control groups. Measurement of blood glucose levels were analyzed before and at 2, 4 weeks after STZ injection. In addition, JE thickness and expression of caspase-3 were examined too after 2 and 4 weeks. JE was stained by hematoxylin eosin (H&E) staining for thickness measurement and the immunohistochemistry by using anti-caspase-3 antibody for caspase-3 expression measurement, and examined under light microscope. The results were analyzed by Two Ways Anova and Least Significant Difference (LSD) tests. The results of the present study were showed that decrease of JE thickness and increase of caspase-3 expression followed with increasing of the diabetic duration. Thus, there were significant different in the thickness of JE between all groups, except in control groups after 2 and 4 weeks and caspase-3 expression of JE between all groups, except in control groups after 2 and 4 weeks, and diabetic groups after 2 and 4 weeks (P > 0.05). It can be concluded that diabetes mellitus (DM) affected on the thickness and caspase-3 expression of JE and suggested that high expression of caspase-3 were associated with the diabetes-induced apoptotic cell death resulting in reduction of JE thickness.
Kata Kunci : Streptozotocin, diabetes mellitus, junctional epithelium, expression of caspase-3.
