KAJIAN KERUSAKAN LINGKUNGAN AKIBAT AKTIVITAS PENAMBANGAN DI DAS SERANG HULU KABUPATEN KULON PROGO

Raden Agung Setyawan, Prof. Dr. H. Totok Gunawan, M.S.

2011 | Tesis | S2 Magister Pengelolaan Lingkungan

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengkaji pengaruh aktivitas penambangan bahan tambang golongan C, terhadap lingkungan Biofisik dan pengaruh terhadap kondisi sosial ekonomi dan budaya. Merumuskan strategi pengelolaan lingkungan untuk mencegah kerusakan lingkungan DAS Serang Hulu. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode survei dengan melakukan pengukuran, evaluasi lingkungan biofisik pada masing-masing lokasi penambangan. Analisis data menggunakan analisis deskriptif kualitatif dengan penilaian berdasarkan total skor kerusakan dan dilakukan pengklasifikasian dan pengharkatan, untuk menetukan tingkat kerusakan lingkungan. Untuk mengetahui pengaruh penambangan terhadap kondisi sosial ekonomi dan budaya, dilakukan wawancara terhadap masyarakat dan para penambang. Wawancara dilakukan dengan acuan kuesioner dan bersifat langsung, terbuka serta spontan untuk memperoleh data yang obyektif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kegiatan penambangan di tiap-tiap lokasi yang dilakukan di DAS Serang Hulu telah menimbulkan kerusakan lingkungan biofisik. Dari tiap-tiap lokasi tambang (LT), dapat disimpulkan bahwa di LT-1 mengalami kerusakan dengan harkat sedang, di LT-2 mengalami kerusakan dengan harkat sedang, di LT-3 mengalami kerusakan dengan harkat berat dan di LT-4 mengalami kerusakan dengan harkat sedang. Pengaruh penambangan terhadap kondisi sosial ekonomi dan budaya masyarakat yang dapat dilihat ditiap-tiap lokasi tambang (LT), dapat disimpulkan bahwa di LT-1 secara ekonomi bermanfaat, di LT-2 secara ekonomi bermanfaat, di LT-3 secara ekonomi tidak/kurang bermanfaat atau merugikan masyarakat dan LT-4 secara ekonomi juga bermanfaat; walaupun kerugian ekonomi terhadap lingkungan biofisik sangat tinggi. Adapun strategi dan arahan terhadap pengelolaan lingkungan di lokasi penambangan yaitu dengan upaya pengenalan dan sosialisasi dampak positif dan negatif tentang penambangan, penegakan tata aturan penambangan, penataan dan pembinaan penambang. Secara periodik Pemerintah Daerah bersama dengan Lembaga Pendidikan atau Dinas Instansi terkait, untuk memberikan pembinaan guna peningkatan wawasan masyarakat, mengenai dampak positif dan negatif penambangan. Pengenalan kegiatan lain sebagai alternatif pekerjaan serta melakukan pembinaan dan upaya reklamasi dan revegetasi bekas lahan tambang bersama masyarakat.

This study aims to examine the influence of mining activities of category C mining minerals, on the Biophysical environmental influence and socio-economic and cultural conditions. Formulate environmental management strategy to prevent environmental damage in the watershed upstream Serang. The method used in this research is survey method by performing the measurement, evaluation of the biophysical environment at each mine location. Analysis of data using qualitative descriptive analysis with an assessment based on the total score of damage and performed classification and appraisement, to determine the level of environmental damage. To determine the effect of mining on the socioeconomic and cultural conditions, interviews were conducted on the community and the miners. Interviews were conducted with questionnaires and reference is direct, open and spontaneous way to obtain objective data. The results of this study suggest that mining activity at each site conducted in the watershed upstream Serang has caused damage to the biophysical environment. Of each mine location (ML), it can be concluded that the ML-1 with dignity is damaged, the ML-2 were damaged with dignity is, in ML-3 were damaged by the weight and dignity in the ML-4 also were damaged by dignity. Mining influence on the socioeconomic conditions and cultural communities can be seen in each and every mine location (ML), it can be concluded that the ML-1 is economically beneficial, in ML-2 are economically beneficial, in ML-3 is less useful economically or detrimental to society and the ML-4 is economically beneficial as well; although the economic loss for the biophysical environment is very high. As for the strategy and direction of environmental management at the mine location is to attempt the introduction and dissemination of positive and negative impacts of mining, enforcement of mining regulations, structuring and coaching miners. Periodically Local Government Department along with the Institute of Education or related institutions, to provide guidance in order to increase public knowledge, on the positive and negative impacts of mining. To introduce of other activities as an alternative to work and perform construction and reclamation and revegetation efforts mining land with the community.

Kata Kunci : kerusakan lingkungan, kegiatan penambangan, DAS.