PENGELOLAAN OBJEK WISATA PANTAI BASE G DI KOTA JAYAPURA

AGNES VALERIANA YOUWE, Ir. Leksono Probo Subanu, MURP., Ph.D.

2011 | Tesis | S2 Magist.Prnc.Kota & Daerah

Pengembangan pariwisata penting dilakukan di Jayapura karena kota ini memiliki potensi obyek wisata, sejarah, dan budaya khas. Salah satu objek wisata yang dikelola masyarakat lokal tetapi belum banyak dikelola Pemerintah Kota Jayapura adalah Pantai Base G. Tujuan penelitian adalah mengetahui pola pengelolaan obyek dan atraksi wisata Pantai Base G oleh masyarakat lokal dan Dinas Pariwisata Kota Jayapuara, dan mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi pengelolaan obyek dan atraksi wisata Pantai Base G. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dan pendekatan induktif. Data primer yang diperoleh lewat observasi dan wawancara, dan data sekunder yang diperoleh dengan teknik kepustakaan. Data yang terkumpul dianalisis dengan teknik analisis kualitatif deskriptif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pengelolaan objek wisata Pantai Base G melibatkan empat pelaku utama: (1) masyarakat lokal dengan kepemilikan hak lahan ulayat menggunakan model pengelolaan berbasis sistem kekerabatan/ kekeluargaan; (2) tokoh masyarakat (Ondoafi) selaku pemegang otoritas adat yang menentukan boleh atau tidaknya pengelolaan Pantai Base G dengan sistem bagi-hasil dengan pemerintah; (3) Pemerintah Kota Jayapura dengan otoritas publiknya melalui pembangunan infrastruktur, shelter, dan tiang lampu di sepanjang pantai serta pengelolaan loket masuk obyek wisata dan keamanan; dan (4) pengunjung selaku pengguna objek wisata pantai tersebut. Paling tidak ada tiga faktor yang mempengaruhi pengelolaan objek wisata Pantai Base G, yaitu: (1) Sistem kekerabatan/kekeluargaan di masyarakat Kampung Kayu Batu membuat pengelolaan objek wisata berbasis marga sulit dilakukan bersama-sama Dinas Pariwisata dengan sistem bagi-hasil; (2) Kegagalan Dinas Pariwisata Kota Jayapura bekerja sama dengan penduduk setempat, terutama para pemilik dan/atau pengelola usaha di bagian-bagian lahan per marga ternyata menyebabkan kurangnya dialog dengan pimpinan adat atau Ondoafi Kampung Kayu Batu, serta pemilik dan/atau pengelola lokasi wisata Pantai Base G; dan (3) kurangnya rasa nyaman wisatawan akibat kurang nyaman dan masih tingginya ongkos penggunaan fasilitas umum di Pantai Base G, kurangnya keamanan dan kenyamanan akibat kebiasaan mabuk, dan kotornya kondisi perkampungan di sekitar Pantai Base G.

The development of tourism is very important for Jayapura Municipality because it has typical historical and cultural tourism objects as well as natural ones. One of the tourism objects that have been managed by local community but not yet managed by the Government of Jayapura Municipality is Base G Beach. The objectives of the study are to find out the management of tourism object in Base G Beach and to identify factors influencing the management of tourism object in Base G Beach. The study was done by using a qualitative method and inductive approach. Data used in the study were primary data obtained by using observation and interview, and secondary data obtained using a literature technique. The data collected were analyzed by using a descriptive qualitative technique. The study shows that the management of tourism object in Base G Beach involved four main actors including: (1) local society with the ownership of customary land right that applies a kinship/familial system-based management model; (2) social figures (Ondoafi) as customary authority holder with a decisive decision whether or not the management of Base G Beach can be carried out by using a profit-sharing system proposed by local government; (3) the Government of Jayapura Municipality with its public authority through the development of infrastructures, shelters, and lamp poles along the beach and the management of entry point and tourism security; and (4) tourists as users of the coastal tourism object. At least there were three factors influencing the management of tourism object in Base G Beach: (1) Kindship/familial system in the society of Kayu Batu Village made the management of tribe-based tourism difficult to do in a cooperative manner with the Office of Tourism using a profit-sharing system; (2) the failure of the Office of Tourism Jayapura Municipality in making cooperation with local community, particularly owners and/or managers of tribe-based land, made many dialogues with customary leader (Ondoafi) of Kayu Batu Village, as well as owners and/or managers of tourism location in Base G Beach, difficult to do; and (3) the lack of comfort among tourists due to uncomfort condition of public facilities made available, the ununiform and high level of costs for the use of facilities made available in Base G Beach, the lack of security and comfort due to drunken people in the location, and the dirty conditions of village around Base G Beach.

Kata Kunci : pengelolaan pariwisata, wisata pantai, Pantai Base G Jayapura