KEPATUHAN MINUM OBAT ARTESUNAT-AMODIAQUIN PADA IBU HAMIL DENGAN INFEKSI MALARIA FALCIPARUM DI KOTA KUPANG

Mery Lebrina Fangidae Tumeluk, dr. Siswanto Agus Wilopo, S.U., M.Sc., Sc.D.

2011 | Tesis | S2 Kesehatan Masyarakat/KIA

Latar Belakang: Kepatuhan ibu hamil minum obat malaria secara teratur merupakan faktor utama keberhasilan pengobatan, sebaliknya ketidak patuhan akan mengakibatkan terhalangnya kesembuhan. Diketahui infeksi malaria falcifarum pada ibu hamil memberikan dampak negatif terhadap ibu dan janin, sehingga penanganannya menjadi prioritas. Tujuan Penelitian: Mengetahui kepatuhan minum obat artesunatamodiaquin pada ibu hamil dengan infeksi malaria falciparum. Metode Penelitian: Jenis penelitian observasional dengan rancangan cohort prospective. Subjek penelitian sebanyak 167 ibu hamil dengan infeksi malaria falciparum di Kota Kupang. Sampel diambil secara consecutive sampling. Analisis data terdiri dari univariabel menggunakan distribusi frekuensi, bivariabel menggunakan chi-square dan analisis multivariabel menggunakan binomial regression dengan program stata versi 11.0. Hasil: Ibu hamil dengan infeksi malaria falciparum di Kota Kupang yang patuh 72,5%, yang tidak patuh 27,5%. Faktor-faktor penentu kepatuhan minum obat, meliputi persepsi manfaat, umur, pendidikan dan pekerjaan ibu. Persepsi manfaat minum obat mempunyai hubungan yang bermakna dengan kepatuhan minum obat (RR: 1,73: CI 95% 1,29-2,33) dan memberikan kontribusi sebesar 2,1% (R2: 0,021) dalam menjelaskan keragaman total kepatuhan minum obat. Kesimpulan: Persepsi manfaat mempunyai hubungan bermakna dengan kepatuhan minum obat. Umur, pendidikan dan pekerjaan ibu berkontribusi tehadap kepatuhan minum obat.

Background: Pregnant women complying with taking malaria drugs regularly is a main factor of treatment success while those who do not comply with the treatment faces barriers in healing process. It is known that infection of falcifarum malaria in pregnant women can give adverse impacts for both the mothers and the babies; thus, its management becomes a priority. Objective: To find out the compliance of pregnant women with infection of falciparum malaria in taking artesunat-amodiaquin drugs. Method: This was an observational study with a cohort prospective study design. The subjects were 167 pregnant women with infection of falciparum malaria in Kupang Municipality, taken with consecutive sampling. The data analysis consisted of univaribale using frequency distribution, bivariable using chi-square and multivariable using binomial regression with Stata Version 11.0. Result: Pregnant women with infection of falciparum malaria in Kupang Municipality were 72.5% compliant and 27.5% not compliant in taking drugs. The determinant factors of medicine taking compliance included women’s benefit perception, age, education and occupation. Benefit perception on medicine gave assosiated significant (RR: 1.73 CI 95% 1.29-2.33) and taking gave a contribution of 2.1% (R2: 0.021) in explaining compliance diversity of medicine taking. Conclusion: Benefit perception had a significant relationship with drug compliance. In addition, women’s age, education and occupation contributed to drug compliance.

Kata Kunci : Kepatuhan, artesunat-amodiaquin, ibu hamil, malaria falciparum