PERILAKU MENCARI BANTUAN PADA PEREMPUAN KORBAN KEKERASAN DALAM RUMAH TANGGA: STUDI KUALITATIF DI RIFKA WOMEN’S CLINIC (RWC) YOGYAKARTA

Ivanna Junamel Manopo, Prof. dr. M. Hakimi, SpOG(K)., Ph.D.

2011 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat

Latar Belakang: Kekerasan berbasis gender di Yogyakarta merupakan kasus yang banyak terjadi. Pada tahun 2009, kasus kekerasan terhadap istri (KTI) merupakan kasus yang sering terjadi di RWC Yogyakarta. Perempuan yang mengalami kekerasan dalam rumah tangga (KDRT) akan berbuat banyak untuk membantu diri mereka sendiri, karena perempuan merasa tidak berdaya untuk melakukan perubahan sehingga berpikir untuk mencari bantuan dalam menyelesaikan masalah. Kebanyakan perempuan korban KDRT menggunakan berbagai sumber dukungan atau bantuan, baik informal maupun formal. Tujuan: Mengetahui bentuk-bentuk kekerasan dan perilaku mencari bantuan pada perempuan korban KDRT di RWC Yogyakarta. Metode: Penelitian ini bersifat kualitatif dengan rancangan studi kasus. Penelitian akan dilaksanakan di RWC Yogyakarta. Pengumpulan data dengan cara wawancara mendalam terhadap perempuan korban KDRT, dan studi dokumen. Subjek penelitian sebanyak 3 orang yang diambil secara purposive sampling. Analisis data dengan cara: buat transkrip, reduksi data dan koding, penyajian data dan penarikan kesimpulan dan verifikasi. Hasil: Gambaran KDRT yang diterima oleh perempuan berbagai macam diantaranya: fisik, ekonomi, psikis, dan seksual. Adapun alasan perempuan mencari bantuan karena menginginkan keluarga yang bahagia, takut dampak KDRT terhadap masa depan anak, perempuan merasa kelelahan dengan kekerasan yang dialami, ingin mencari dukungan serta ketersediaan akses terhadap bantuan. Awalnya perempuan membuka diri terhadap teman dan keluarga atas masalah yang dihadapi, selanjutnya mencari dukungan formal (Polisi, Konselor, Pengadilan, Romo, Ahli Kesehatan) untuk menghentikan kekerasan. Kesimpulan: Perempuan korban KDRT mencari dukungan melalui formal maupun informal. Proses mencari dukungan dari kepolisian mengalami kendala, disebabkan tidak mengetahui dengan jelas prosedur kekerasan terhadap perempuan. Diperlukan kerja sama yang baik dari pihak kepolisian untuk dapat membantu penanganan dan memberikan perlindungan terhadap perempuan korban kekerasan.

Background: There are still many cases regarding gender-based violence that occur in Yogyakarta. In 2009, it was reported that violence against women was a type of case frequently happening in Yogyakarta RWC. Women experiencing domestic violence tend to seek for advocacy due to lack of power for the changes. Mostly, domestic violence victims make use of both informal and formal supports to help them solve their problems. Objective: To find out types of violence and behavior of seeking for advocacy among female victims of domestic violence in Yogyakarta RWC. Method: This was a qualitative study with a case-study design. The study was carried out in Yogyakarta RWC. Data collection was through in-depth interview to female victims of domestic violence and document study. Subject was three women taken with a method of purposive sampling. The data analysis used data transcription, reduction, coding, presentation, and drawing conclusion as well as verification. Result: The description of domestic violence received by women, among others, was physical abuse, economic abandonment, psychological abuse and sexual abuse. Some main reasons on why women sought for help to overcome domestic violence were that they wished to have a happy family, feared negative impacts on their children’s future, felt tired of violence they received, and wished to seek for advocacy and access to the advocacy. Initially, the women opened themselves to their friends and family about the problems they faced and then followed by seeking for formal support (police, counselor, court, religious figure, and health provider) to stop violence. Conclusion: Women as victims of domestic violence seek for both formal and informal supports. However, when they attempt to get the support from police, it is faced with some obstacles caused by unclear procedure known by the police. Therefore, good collaboration from the police is needed to help women overcome their problems and give protection against domestic violence.

Kata Kunci : Kekerasan terhadap istri dalam rumah tangga, perilaku mencari bantuan