KAJIAN SEKTOR DAN SUBSEKTOR PERTANIAN BASIS PADA KECAMATAN DI KABUPATEN PURWOREJO

ISTIKO AGUS WICAKSONO, S.P., Dr. Ir. Slamet Hartono, M.Sc.

2011 | Tesis | S2 Ekonomi Pertanian

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui : (1) identifikasi sektor dan subsektor pertanian basis pada kecamatan-kecamatan di Kabupaten Purworejo; (2) perubahan spesialisasi/kebasisan sektor dan subsektor pertanian pada kecamatankecamatan di Kabupaten Purworejo; (3) laju dan tipologi sektor dan subsektor pertanian pada kecamatan-kecamatan di Kabupaten Purworejo; (4) analisis struktur pertumbuhan sektor dan subsektor pertanian pada kecamatan-kecamatan di Kabupaten Purworejo terhadap struktur sektor dan subsektor pertanian Kabupaten Purworejo. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif analitis. Data yang digunakan adalah PDRB kecamatan-kecamatan di Kabupaten Purworejo dan PDRB Kabupaten Purworejo dari tahun 2000-2009 menurut harga konstan tahun 2000. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sektor pertanian merupakan sektor basis di 12 kecamatan (75,00%); subsektor tanaman bahan makanan merupakan subsektor basis di 10 kecamatan (62,50%); subsektor tanaman perkebunan merupakan subsektor basis di 9 kecamatan (56,25%); subsektor peternakan merupakan subsektor basis di 6 kecamatan (37,50%); subsektor kehutanan merupakan subsektor basis di 7 kecamatan (43,75%); dan subsektor perikanan merupakan subsektor basis di 5 kecamatan (31,25%). Sektor pertanian dengan trend LQ menurun di 6 kecamatan (37,50%), subsektor tanaman bahan makanan dengan trend LQ menurun di 6 kecamatan (37,50%), subsektor tanaman perkebunan dengan trend LQ menurun di 8 kecamatan (50,00%), subsektor peternakan dengan trend LQ menurun di 9 kecamatan (56,25%), subsektor kehutanan dengan trend LQ menurun di 10 kecamatan (62,50%), dan subsektor perikanan dengan trend LQ menurun di 7 kecamatan (43,75%). Berdasarkan analisis DLQ, sektor pertanian masih dapat diharapkan untuk menjadi sektor basis di masa yang akan datang di 10 kecamatan(62,50%), subsektor tanaman bahan makanan di 8 kecamatan (50,00%), subsektor tanaman perkebunan dan subsektor peternakan di 7 kecamatan (43,75%), subsektor kehutanan di 3 kecamatan (18,75%), dan subsektor perikanan di 5 kecamatan (31,25%). Analisis gabungan LQ, DLQ,dan Trend LQ sektor pertanian tetap basis di masa mendatang di 10 kecamatan (62,50%), subsektor tanaman bahan makanan di 8 kecamatan (50,00%), subsektor tanaman perkebunan di 7 kecamatan (43,75%), subsektor peternakan di 8 kecamatan (50,00%), subsektor kehutanan di 3 kecamatan (18,75%), dan subsektor perikanan di 5 kecamatan (31,25%). Adapun hasil analisis Klassen Tipology, sektor pertanian tergolong maju dan tumbuh cepat di 7 kecamatan (43,75%), subsektor tanaman bahan makanan, subsektor tanaman perkebunan, subsektor peternakan, dan subsektor perikanan di 5 kecamatan (31,25%), sedangkan subsektor kehutanan di 6 kecamatan (37,50%). Analisis shift-share, sektor dan subsektor pertanian di seluruh kecamatan di Kabupaten Purworejo pergeseran ekonominya didominasi oleh komponen pertumbuhan nasional.

The objectives of this research are to find out about: (1) the identification of the agricultural basis sector and subsector among some sub districts in Purworejo regency; (2) the changes of the specialization/ the sector and subsector of agricultural base among some sub districts in Purworejo regency; (3) the progress and typology of the sector and subsector of agriculture among some sub districts in Purworejo regency; (4) the analysis of structural growth of sector and subsector of agriculture among some sub districts in Purworejo regency towards the structure of sector and subsector of agriculture in Purworejo regency. This research uses a descriptive analytical method. The data used is some data from Gross Regional Domestic Product (PDRB in Indonesia) in the level of sub districts and also regency in Purworejo around the year 2000 – 2009 based on the fixed price in the year 2000. The result of this research shows that agriculture is the basic sector of 12 sub districts (75.00%); the crops subsector is the basic subsector in 10 sub districts (62.00%); the plantation crops subsector is the basic subsector in 9 sub districts (56.25%); the livestock sector is the basic subsector in 6 districts ( 37.50%); the forestry sector is the basic subsector in 7 sub districts (43.75%); and fisheries sector is the basic subsector in 5 sub districts (31.25%). Agricultural sector with the LQ trend falls in 6 sub districts (37.50%), the crops subsector with the LQ trend falls in 6 sub districts (37.50%); the plantation crops subsector with the LQ trend falls in 8 sub districts (50.00%); the livestock subsector with the LQ trend falls in 9 sub districts (56.25%); the forestry subsector with the LQ trend falls in 10 sub districts (62.50%); and the fisheries subsector with the LQ trend falls in 7 sub districts (43.75%). Based on the analysis of DLQ, agricultural sector can still be expected to be the basic sector in the future among 10 sub districts (62.50%), the crops subsector is in 8 sub districts (50.00%), the plantation crops and livestock subsectors are in 7 sub districts (43.75%), the forestry subsector is in 3 sub districts (18.75%), and the fisheries subsector is in 5 sub districts (31.25%). A combined analysis of LQ, DLQ and the LQ trend shows that the agriculture is still the basic sector of 10 sub districts in the future (62.50%), the crops subsector is in 8 sub districts (50.00%), the plantation crops subsector is in 7 sub districts (43.75%), the livestock subsector is in 8 sub districts (50.00%), the forestry subsector is in 3 sub districts (18.75%), and the fisheries subsector is in 5 sub districts (31.25%). Furthermore, the result of Klassen Typology analysis shows that agricultural sector is considered progressive and grows fast in 7 sub districts (43.75%), the crops, plantation crops, livestock, and fisheries subsector are in 5 sub districts (31.25%). Meanwhile, the forestry subsector is in 6 sub districts (37.50%). The analysis of shift-share about the sector and subsector of agriculture among the whole sub districts in Purworejo regency shows that the economical changes is dominated by the components of the national growth.

Kata Kunci : Sektor Basis, Pertumbuhan, Perubahan Struktur