ESTIMASI KANDUNGAN KARBON ORGANIK PADA SUBSTRAT MANGROVE TAMAN NASIONAL BALURAN

MUHAMMAD FURQON, Dr. Erny Poedjirahajoe

2011 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Kehutanan

Salah satu fungsi ekologis ekosistem mangrove adalah sebagai penyimpan karbon organik yang penting di daerah tropik. Karbon organik tersebut tersimpan pada pohon dan substrat mangrove. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui variasi kadar karbon organik pada substrat mangrove Taman Nasional Baluran beserta faktor fisik dan kimia pantai yang mempengaruhinya. Berdasarkan kadar karbon organik selanjutnya dapat diestimasi kandungan karbon organik yang tersimpan pada substrat mangrove. Penelitian ini dilakukan di 4 Resort menggunakan metode transek/jalur dengan petak ukur (10x10)m 2 . Dari 26 lokasi mangrove diambil 170 sampel pada substrat atas dan substrat bawah. Data dianalisis dengan cara : penetapan tekstur substrat (metode hidrometer); penetapan dan klasifikasi kadar karbon organik substrat (metode spektrometri); pengujian perbedaan kadar karbon organik pada substrat atas dan substrat bawah; pengujian korelasi faktor fisik dan kimia pantai terhadap variasi kadar karbon organik substrat kemudian mengestimasi kandungan karbon organik yang tersimpan pada substrat mangrove. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya variasi kadar karbon organik pada berbagai macam tekstur substrat mangrove. Kadar karbon organik terendah dimiliki oleh substrat A. marina sebesar 0,80% sedangkan kadar karbon organik tertinggi dimiliki oleh substrat R. apiculata sebesar 15,40%. Tidak ada perbedaan kadar karbon organik pada substrat atas dan substrat bawah dikarenakan intensnya pencampuran aboveground inputs dan belowground inputs. Berdasarkan dua uji korelasi diketahui bahwa faktor fisik dan kimia pantai tidak mempengaruhi variasi kadar karbon organik pada substrat mangrove. Estimasi kandungan karbon organik tersimpan pada substrat mangrove Taman Nasional Baluran menggunakan persamaan : X % C-org. = X ton C-org/ha. Simpanan karbon organik terendah dimiliki oleh substrat : P. acidula; P. acidula dan A. corniculatum; L. racemosa dan C. tagal serta E. agallocha dan X. moluccensis sedangkan simpanan karbon organik tertinggi dimiliki oleh substrat : R. apiculata; R. stylosa; C. tagal, B. gymnorrhiza dan X. moluccensis.

One of the ecological function of mangrove ecosystem is as important organic carbon storage in the tropics. The organic carbon stored in trees and mangrove substrate. This study aims to determine variations in organic carbon content of Baluran National Park along the physical and chemical factors of beach that influence it. Based on the organic carbon content can be estimated the organic carbon stored in mangrove substrate. This research was conducted at 4 Resort with transect method at (10x10)m 2 plot. From 26 mangrove locations, 170 samples was taken on the top and bottom substrate. Data were analyzed by : determination of substrate texture (hydrometer method); the determination and classification content of organic carbon substrates (spektrometri method); examine differences in organic carbon content at the top and bottom substrate; correlation test with physical and chemical factors on the beach and then estimated the organic carbon stored in the mangrove substrate. The results showed the variation of organic carbon content on a wide range of mangrove substrates texture. The lowest organic carbon content is owned by the A. marina substrate at 0.80% while the highest organic carbon content owned by the R. apiculata substrate at 15.40%. There was no difference in organic carbon content in the top and bottom substrate due to intense mixing of aboveground and belowground inputs. Based on two correlation test found that the physical and chemical factors does not affect coastal organic carbon content variation in the mangrove substrate. Estimation of organic carbon stored in the mangrove substrate at Baluran National Park using the equation : X % C-org. = X tons Corg/ ha. The lowest organic carbon storage is owned by substrates of : P. acidula; P. acidula and A. corniculatum; L. racemosa and C. tagal and E. agallocha and X. moluccensis, while the highest organic carbon storage is owned by the substrate of : R. apiculata; R. stylosa; C. tagal, B. gymnorrhiza and X. moluccensis.

Kata Kunci : karbon organik, spektrometri, substrat, mangrove