PENGARUH FASE PENGOBATAN TUBERKULOSIS PARU PADA ANAK PEREMPUAN BERUSIA 7-10 TAHUN TERHADAP LAJU ALIRAN SALIVA DAN PERTUMBUHAN PLAK (Kajian di RSUD Bontang)

Hena Ratnasari, drg. Siti Bale Sri Rantinah, SU., SpKGA(K)

2011 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Kedokteran Gigi Klinik

Pengobatan tuberkulosis diberikan melalui dua fase, yaitu fase intensif dan fase lanjutan. Obat antituberkulosis berpengaruh terhadap sistem saraf kelenjar saliva. Pertumbuhan plak akan meningkat seiring dengan penurunan sekresi saliva. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh fase pengobatan TBC terhadap laju aliran saliva dan pertumbuhan plak. Penelitian observasional klinis dengan pendekatan cross-sectional pada 88 anak perempuan penderita tuberkulosis berusia 7-10 tahun yang diambil secara selective random sampling dari kartu status di RSUD Bontang Kalimantan Timur. Tiap subyek penelitian dilakukan pengambilan saliva tanpa rangsangan selama 5 menit, kemudian ditampung dalam gelas plastik untuk dihitung laju aliran salivanya dengan menggunakan syringe dan penghitungan skor plak untuk mengetahui pertumbuhan plak. Hasil analisis Anava Dua Jalur menunjukkan adanya perbedaan secara bermakna terhadap laju aliran saliva dan skor plak pada kontrol, fase intensif , lanjutan I dan lanjutan II (p<0,05). Hasil analisis LSD menunjukkan perbedaan secara bermakna terhadap laju aliran saliva dan skor plak pada masing – masing kelompok, kecuali pada kelompok fase lanjutan I dan lanjutan II (p>0,05). Korelasi Pearson menunjukkan adanya hubungan berbanding terbalik antara laju aliran saliva dan skor plak (p<0,05). Dapat disimpulkan bahwa fase pengobatan tuberkulosis paru berpengaruh menurunkan laju aliran saliva yang diikuti dengan meningkatkan pertumbuhan plak pada anak perempuan berusia 7-10 tahun.

Medication for lung Tuberculosis is given within two phase, intensive phase and continued phase. Its medication will affect the nervous system of salivary glands. It affects accumulation of dental plaque will increase in a row and decrease the saliva secretion. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of medication phase for lung Tuberculosis to saliva flow rate and plaque growth. The clinical observation study with cross-sectional approach was performed to 88 girls with lung Tuberculosis aged 7-10 years old. The subjects were selective randomly from the patients medical record at Bontang Hospital East Kalimantan. The done of salivary flow was taken by pooled the saliva of each patient in to plastic glass for 5 minutes without induction to measure the saliva flow rate with syringe and the plaque growth was taken by plaque scoring. Statistical analysis was performed with Two Way Anova, showed significant difference of the saliva flow rate and plaque score at control, intensive phase, continued I and continued II (p<0,05). LSD showed significant difference between the saliva flow rate and plaque score in all of each group phase, except continued I phase and continued II. Pearson correlation showed that there was inversely proportional correlation between saliva flow rate and plaque (p<0,05).The conclusion of this study was that the medication phase of lung Tuberculosis may affect saliva flow rate and plaque growth, and the decrease of saliva flow rate would be followed by the decrease of plaque growth.

Kata Kunci : Tuberkulosis Paru, Laju Aliran Saliva, Pertumbuhan Plak