ANALISIS MANAJEMEN OBAT DI INSTALASI FARMASI RSUD MASOHI KABUPATEN MALUKU TENGAH
Roberth Nelson Lilihata., S.Si., Apt, Prof. Dr. Achmad Fudholi, DEA, Apt.
2011 | Tesis | S2 Mag.Manaj.FarmasiPelayanan kesehatan di rumah sakit sangat dipengaruhi oleh pelayanan farmasi yang berkualitas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan gambaran manajemen obat yang meliputi; seleksi, pengadaan (perencanaan dan pengadaan), distribusi (penyimpanan dan distribusi), dan penggunaan di Instalasi Farmasi RSUD Masohi Kabupaten Maluku Tengah. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian non-eksperimental dengan rancangan penelitian deskriptif analitis. Data dikumpulkan secara retrospektif dan konkuren di Instalasi Farmasi RSUD Masohi Kabupaten Maluku Tengah dari tahun 2008-2009, berupa data primer dan sekunder. Pemilihan informan dilakukan secara Purposive Sampling. Data ini kemudian diukur menggunakan indikator efisiensi pengelolaan obat dan selanjutnya diolah serta dideskripsikan berdasarkan analisis prioritas rencana tindakan dengan menggunakan Metode Hanlon. Hasil yang diperoleh, pada tahap seleksi, tidak dapat diukur karena rumah sakit belum memiliki formularium. Tahap perencanaan; persentase dana yang dibutuhkan dibandingkan dana yang tersedia 100%, persentase ketepatan perencanaan dengan pemakaian 78,65%. Tahap pengadaan; frekuensi pengadaan tiap item obat 2-7 kali dalam setahun, persentase rata-rata kesalahan faktur obat 1,90%, persentase rata-rata keterlambatan pembayaran oleh rumah sakit 7,5%. Tahap penyimpanan; kecocokan antara obat dengan kartu stok 100%, ITOR 1,9 kali, persentase obat kadarluwarsa 5,65%. Tahap distribusi; rata-rata waktu pelayanan resep 7,3 menit, persentase rata-rata resep yang tidak terlayani untuk rawat jalan 17,3% dan rawat inap 12,7%. Tahap penggunaan; rata-rata jumlah obat per lembar resep 4,06 per lembar resep, persentase rata-rata peresepan obat generik dan antibiotik untuk pasien rawat jalan 82,7%, dan 14,96%. Persentase rata-rata kepatuhan terhadap DOEN 83,51%. Hasil pengukuran dianalisis dengan Metode Hanlon didapatkan prioritas penanganan masalah pengelolaan obat sebagai berikut; 1).Mengaktifkan kembali PFT dalam menyusun formularium, 2).Melakukan analisis ABC-VEN didalam proses perencanaan, 3).Meninjau kembali metode pengadaan langsung, dengan memilih supplier secara selektif, 4).Melaksanakan kebijakan farmasi satu pintu dan mengintegrasikan SOP pengelolaan perbekalan farmasi, 5). Perlu adanya SIM didalam mengawasi, mengendalikan inventory dan distribusi, 6).Memberdayakan PFT dalam rangka evaluasi dan monitoring penggunaan obat di RSUD Masohi Kabupaten Maluku Tengah.
Hospital health care in is significantly influenced by the quality of pharmacy service. This research is aimed to learn drug management consisting; selection (drug selection), procurement (planning and procurement), distribution (storage and distribution), and drug use in Pharmacy Installation of Masohi Local Hospital, Central Maluku Regency. This is non-experimental research with analytic descriptive designs. Data collected retrospectively and congruence in pharmacy Installation of Masohi Local Hospital, Central Maluku Regency during 2008-2009, includes primary and secondary data. The informant had been selected using purposive sampling technique. Followed by contrasting the data on drug management efficiency then process and describe it as action plan priority using Hanlon Method. Result obtained in drug selection phase, cannot be gained since hospital not yet implicated formularium. Drug planning phase indicated: percentage of neededfund compared on available-fund was 100%, and planning-precision and usages percentage was 78.65%. Drug procurement phase consist: procurement frequency of each drug item was 2 to 7 times in annual, drug invoice failure percentage rate was 1.9 %, and payment-overdue rate was 7.5%. The percentages of drug storage phase consist: fitness between drug available and stock card was 100%, ITOR was 1.9 times, and expired drug percentage 8.77%. Drug distribution phase include: average prescription service time was 7.3 minutes, average unservice prescription for outpatient percentage was 17.3%, and in-patient was 12.7%. Finally, drug usage phase consist: average usage for each prescription was 4.06, average prescriptions for outpatient due to generic drug and antibiotic were 82.7% was 14.96%, respectively. Average percentage of obedience to Essential Drug List is 83.51%. Results from measurements above, subsequently, analyzed by Hanlon Method to managing priority on drug management problem covers: 1) reactivates PFT during arranging formularium; 2) analyzing ABC-VEN in plan process; 3) reexamine procurement method directly by choosing supplier selectively; 4) implements one-entry policy for pharmacy and integrates pharmacy supply management, SOP; 5) SIM need to be performs to monitor, controlling; and 6) empowering PFT in evaluation and monitoring drug used at Masohi Hospital, Central Maluku Regency.
Kata Kunci : Pengelolaan Obat, Instalasi Farmasi RSUD Masohi, Metode Hanlon
