ANALISIS SEFALOMETRI PROFIL MUKA SKELETAL PENDERITA TALASEMIA BETA DENGAN METODE RAMOS DAN MARTINELLI

Arya Prasetya Beumaputra, drg. Sri Suparwitri, SU., Sp. Ort(K)

2011 | Tesis | S2 Ortodonsia

Dewasa ini penyakit genetik semakin menonjol termasuk Talasemia. Makin baiknya kualitas pelayanan kesehatan menjadikan usia harapan hidup penderita Talasemia meningkat. Hal tersebut tentunya akan meningkatkan kebutuhan perawatan kosmetik salah satunya perawatan ortodontik terhadap penderita Talasemia. Data mengenai profil muka skeletal penderita Talasemia Beta di Indonesia masih sedikit. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui profil muka skeletal penderita Talasemia Beta dengan mengetahui hubungan maksilo mandibular, hubungan maksila terhadap basis kranii dan kedudukan dagu terhadap basis kranii memakai analisis sefalometri Ramos dan Martinelli. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada 13 penderita Talasemia ß yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi yang sebelumnya rutin datang berobat di instalasi kesehatan anak RS Dr. Sardjito Yogyakarta, terdiri dari 5 pria dan 8 wanita dengan usia berkisar antara 12 – 23 tahun. Subyek dilakukan foto sefalogram lateral dilanjutkan analisis sefalometri metode Ramos dan Martinelli. Hasilnya dianalisis statistik dengan analisis statistik Uji t Satu Sample (One Sample t-Test). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan perbedaan yang bermakna (p<0,05) terhadap nilai normal pada sudut SNB, ANB, Angle of Convexity, Penilaian Wits kelompok pria dan pengukuran unit pembeda. Sudut SNA dan Penilaian Wits kelompok wanita menunjukkan perbedaan tidak bermakna (p>0,05). Sudut wajah masuk dalam normal batas bawah. Profil muka skeletal penderita Talasemia ß lebih cembung dari normal, hubungan maksilo mandibular adalah skeletal klas II, hubungan maksila terhadap basis kranii normal dan kedudukan dagu terhadap basis kranii retrognasi.

Recently, an increasingly high prevalence of genetic diseases, including Thalassemia Beta. Increasingly better healthcare services result in the enhancement of the life expectancy of patients with Thalassemia Beta. Consequently, it increases the demand for cosmetic treatments, especially orthodontic treatment of the patients. There is only a few data of the facial skeletal profile of the patients with Thalassemia Beta in Indonesia. The aims of this study is to investigate the facial skeletal profile of the patients with Thalassemia Beta by examining maxillo-mandibular relationship, maxillary and cranial base relationship and the position of mandible on the cranial base of the patients using cephalometry analysis with Ramos and Martinelli method. Thirteen patients with Thalassemia Beta who meet the inclusion criteria and have routinely visited the pediatric health installation of Dr. Sardjito hospital are included in the study. They consist of 5 males and 8 females of 12-23 years of age. Subsequently, they undergo a lateral cephalography and the results are analyzed in a cephalometry analysis using Ramos and Martinelli method. The results of the analysis are statistically analyzed using one sample t- test. The results of the study show that there is a significant difference (p<0.05) between the normal values of SNB, ANB and convexity angles, and Wits’ appraisal of male group and differential unit measurement. There is not any significant difference (p>0.05) between the SNA angle and the Wits’ appraisal of female group. Facial angle is classified into normal lower limit. The facial skeletal profile of the patients with Thalassemia Beta is more convex than normal, while the maxillo-mandibular relationship is skeletal class II. The maxilla and cranial base relationship is normal, and the mandible position on the cranial base is retrognation.

Kata Kunci : analisis sefalometri, profil muka skeletal, Talasemia ß, metode Ramos dan Martinelli.