STRATEGIS DAN HAMBATAN PERSAINGAN USAHA KAJIAN TENTANG DOMINASI DAN SILANG KEPEMILIKAN MEDIA MASA PENYIARAN TELEVISI (STUDI PADA PT. MEDIA NUSANTARA CITRA TBK)

Leonardus Josaphat Surendra, SE,Ak, Prof. Dr. Nindyo Pramono, S.H., M.S.

2011 | Tesis | S2 Magister Hukum

Media penyiaran televisi berkembang pesat di Indonesia sehingga dapat dikatakan telah menjadi sebuah industri. PT Media Nusantara Citra, Tbk adalah perseroan terbatas terbuka yang memiliki saham mayoritas dari beberapa perusahaan media penyiaran seperti stasiun televisi, radio, media cetak, agen periklanan, dan media on-line. PT Media Nusantara Citra, Tbk seperti perusahaan media kontemporer lainnya dihadapkan pada isu konsentrasi kepemilikan dan silang kepemilikan yang menjadi topik perdebatan dalam lingkup sosialnya. Kepemilikan beberapa media penyiaran telvisi pada sedikit investor dikhawatirkan akan memunculkan permasalahan seperti konflik kepentingan antara komunitas media tersebut dengan para komunitas pengiklan, berkurangnya keberagaman pendapat dan hak memberikan suara masyarakat, dan pengaruhnya terhadap struktur pasar dalam persaingan antara pemilik perusahaan media penyiaran televisi. Disisi lain industri media penyiaran televisi berhadapan dengan tantangan untuk dapat bertahan hidup dan bahkan untuk dapat terus berkembang. Ketersediaan sumber daya yang terbatas seperti kanal frekuensi, kebutuhan terhadap keuntungan yang diperoleh dari konsolidasi, strategi ekspansi, dan konvergensi, menjadikan pola kepemilikan dan silang kepemilikan menjadi tidak terhindarkan. Penelitian hukum ini berdasarkan sifat dan tujuannya diklasifikasikan sebagai penelitian hukum normatif empiris, dan memiliki tujuan untuk memperoleh gambaran, pemahaman, dan penjelasan tentang kebenaran hubungan yuridis antara strategi bisnis yang dijalankan industri media penyiaran televisi dengan silang dan konsentrasi kepemilikan berdasarkan bukti atau fakta empiris melalui studi kasus terhadap PT Media Nusantara Citra, Tbk. Penelitian ini diharapkan juga dapat menjelaskan peran dan fungsi regulasi terhadap kondisi konsentrasi dan silang kepemilikan yang dapat membawa monopoli oleh perusahaan media penyiaran telvisi yang mempengaruhi kepentingan sosial masyarakat, dan persaingan sehat industri media masa penyiaran televisi itu sendiri.

Television broadcast media developed rapidly in Indonesia so that it can be said has become an industry. PT Media Nusantara Citra Tbk (MNC Group) is one of the business group that has business divisions television broadcasters free to air television types such as RCTI, Global TV, and MNC TV formerly TPI and pay TV named Indovision. Concentration and cross ownership in the topic of the debate is often a problem faced by the MNC group and the social sphere. When ownership of several media companies concentrated in one or few investors, the estimated number of consequences would follow such a conflict of interest between the community with advertisers, reducing the diversity of opinion and vote on them, and influence in the competitive market structure or competition. Industry news media on the other side also face challenges to survive and even to continue growing. From an economic perspective as well as television broadcast media is a form of corporate or business unit or enterprise in the development of their business have a strategy for improving efficiency, diversification, integration, and transnasionalisasi products, market expansion, as well as ownership or capital. Patterns of corporate ownership is concentrated television broadcasting media and crossownership is considered inevitable because the current global situation does require a strategic advantage gained from consolidation, expansion, and convergence, the interests of the company itself. however, because the broadcast media has unique characteristics compared to other industries, there are factors other than resource limitations in the availability of frequency spectrum of the postscript is an asset to the state (community), and the role which should also be implemented which increase the climate of democracy that relies on the concept of diversity of ownership and diversity of content, guarantee the right of people to obtain information and develop independence the press, and ensure and protect the public to express or release the mind which remains based on principles of justice, democracy and the rule of law, the the necessary regulations to balance both the nature of television broadcasting media as both a profit-oriented institutions as well as guardians of the state of democracy (4th pillar of state) This study as has been stated by previous authors are research based on the nature and purpose are classified as normative empirical, in the sense that this study has the following objectives obtain an overview and understanding by explaining the truth of the legal relationship between the business development strategy towards the media industry and cross-ownership and concentration in order to gain an understanding of empirically through a case study in PT Media Nusantara Citra Tbk and explain the regulatory role of concentration and cross-ownership that can lead to the creation of monopoly media firm that affect the social interests of society and healthy competition in the media industry in Indonesia.

Kata Kunci : Silang Kepemilikan, Konsentrasi Kepemilikan, Struktur Pasar, Sumber Daya Terbatas, Keuntungan Strategis, Peran Regulasi.