PERTUMBUHAN DAN HASIL KELAPA SAWIT PADA LAHAN GAMBUT DAN PODSOLIK MERAH KUNING DI KABUPATEN SEKADAU

ALIAS YANTO, Prof. Dr. Ir. Didik Indradewa,Dip.Agr.St.

2011 | Tesis | S2 Agronomi

Keberhasilan pengembangan kelapa sawit dipengaruhi kondisi iklim, tanah dan bentuk wilayah, bahan tanaman dan perlakuan kultur teknis. pada saat ini pengembangan kelapa sawit telah dilakukan di lahan-lahan marginal seperti lahan gambut dan podsolok merah kuning. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pertumbuhan dan hasil kelapa sawit pada lahan gambut dan podsolik merah kuning. dan untuk mengetahui kondisi lingkungan di lahan gambut dan podsolik merah kuning untuk pertumbuhan kelapa sawit. Penelitian dilaksanakan dari bulan Maret-Juni 2010 di perkebunan PT.Multi Prima Entakai divisi 4 sekumpai. Penelitian menggunakan uji antar loksi dengan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL). 2 perlakuan yaitu lahan gambut dan podsolik merah kuning dengan 9 ulangan sehingga jumlah tanaman sempel adalah 2 x 9 x 4 = 72 tanaman. Hasil penelitian menunjukan keragaan dan hasil tanaman kelapa sawit berada pada kondisi yang sama dengan produktivitas rerata umur produksi 9- 13 tahun pada lahan PMK dan gambut berturut-turut 21,16 dan 19,06 ton TBS/ha/tahun. berdasarkan potensi pada kelas kesesuaian lahan termasuk kesesuaian lahan sedang 18-24 ton TBS/ha/tahun. Lingkungan iklim dan tanah dikategorikan lahan dengan kesesuaian lahan terbatas (S3) dan dengan perlakuan budidaya yang benar lahan PMK dan gambut mempunyai prospek baik untuk pengembangan kelapa sawit.

The success of palm development is affected by climate, soil and region shape, plants sources and technical culture treatment. Recently, palm development has done in marginal land such as peat and red-yellow podsolic lands. The purpose of this research is to find out the growth and yields of palm at peat and red-yellow podsolic soil, and to find out the environmental condition of peat and red-yellow podsolic lands for palm growth. This research was conducted from March to June 2010 at 4th Division of Multi Prime Entakai Ltd., Sekumpai, and using inter-location test with randomized complete design. There were two treatments, namely, peat field and red-yellow podsolic lands with 9 replications, thus the number of sample plants were 2 x 9 x 4 = 72 plants. The result of research shows that the performance and yield of palm trees was in the similar condition with the average productivity of production age 9-13 years at the red-yellow podzolic and peat lands respectively 21.16 and 19.06 tonnes fresh fruit bunch/ha/year. Based on potential of the land suitability class including the average land suitability is 18-24 tonnes fresh fruit bunch/ha/year. The climate and land environment is categorized as the land with the limited land suitability (S3) and with the correct culture treatment of the red-yellow podzolic and peat lands have a good prospects for the palm development.

Kata Kunci : Kelapa sawit, lahan gambut, lahan podsolik merah kuning, pertumbuhan, hasil.