Differences in Disaster Response Due to Varying Data Availability A Serious Game for Flooding Disaster Research in Surakarta, Indonesia
Muhammad Syukril, Dr. M. Pramono Hadi, M.Sc.
2011 | Tesis | S2 Magister Geo Informasi untuk Manajemen Bencana-
On 26 December 2007 until 1 January 2008, flood happened in Surakarta and surrounding areas. The Public Works Office in Surakarta has taken action to lessen and minimize the destructive impact of flooding. It is hard to evaluate the effectiveness local government responses due to flooding, especially when there is no standard method available in that area. Subjectivity and lack of documentation on what actually happened during flooding also became challenge for disaster research. Many aspects influence the government response in flood disaster. The government unit responses are highly dependent on human resources, financial and legal supports, which strongly influence the action during flooding. This research aims to propose a method to study the effect of data availability in disasterresponse study. This research focused on how to quantify the relation between data availability and actions taken by decision maker. The more specific topic is represented as disaster response due to varying data availability using Serious Game method in the Public Works Unit Surakarta. In this study, held in 2010, researcher started with literature review to the governmental document and report for flooding in 2007 also historical flood event. Furthermore, a series of user need assessment was done in Public Works of Surakarta and Balai Besar Wilayah Sungai Bengawan Solo (BBWS BS) with respect to the usability of spatial data and flood response activity. The Serious Game for flood response was build based on real data an involved 34 person from 4 offices in Surakarta to study the relation between responses and data availability. The results for this serious game were recorded using desktop recorder software to store selected actions and response behavior of the player during the game. The serious game provide scenario to gather data about several issues, e.g. the effect of different information for early warning and information during flooding, Digital elevation model, flood alert stage decision making, and damage prediction information. Finally, the serious game result was analyzed by comparing with other method e.g. interview, user need assessment and literature review to generate conclusion and recommendation which useful for studying historical flood disaster. This research also could promote as a complement the other method for collecting data and decision-making training program for flood manager. The result of analysis has shown that there are differences of responses based on the data availability. At low availability, the decision makers ask for more information (28 of 66 ~ 42,42%); at medium availability, response is directed to go to flood post (23 of 78 ~ 29,49 %); while at high availability, most decision makers (27 of 89 ~ 30,34%) confidently taking action prepare sand bag and water pump . Better responses can be achieved by the improvement of data availability. Number of correct decision raised significantly by the improvement of data availability: 47,06% at low availability , 91,17% at medium availability, 100% at high data availability.
Kata Kunci : Disaster response, Data availability, Spatial Information, Serious Game, Flash.
