SINTESIS KOMPOSIT PVA-ZEOLIT-CLAY DAN UJI ADSORPSI DESORPSI TERHADAP CAMPURAN ETANOL/AIR

BAYU WIYANTOKO, Dr. Yateman Arryanto

2011 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Kimia

Sintesis komposit PVA-zeolit-clay serta kajian adsorpsi-desorpsi terhadap campuran etanol/air telah dilakukan. Komposit PVA-zeolit-clay disintesis dengan mencampurkan filler zeolit-clay ke dalam PVA yang telah dilarutkan dalam akuabides. Dalam sintesis komposit dikaji pengaruh konsentrasi NaOH untuk aktivasi filler, jumlah filler, serta konsentrasi glutaraldehida pada kualitas komposit yang dihasilkan. Zeolit-clay sebagai filler dan komposit yang dihasilkan dikarakterisasi dengan menggunakan spektrofotomer inframerah dan difraksi sinar-X untuk identifikasi struktur penyusun, serta uji kuat tekan (compressive strength) pada komposit menggunakan Material Testing Machine. Uji kapasitas adsorpsi komposit dilakukan dengan mengukur berat air yang terserap setelah direndam dalam air selama 24 jam. Uji adsorpsi etanol dan campuran etanol/air dilakukan dengan meneteskan sejumlah volume etanol dan campuran etanol/air hingga terserap sepenuhnya, sedangkan uji desorpsi diukur berdasarkan perubahan berat akibat proses desorpsi sebagai fungsi waktu. Hasil karakterisasi menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan basa pada filler zeolit-clay mengubah struktur serta sifat dari komposit. Kenaikan konsentrasi NaOH dan jumlah filler meningkatkan kapasitas adsorpsi serta kuat tekan komposit. Modifikasi komposit menggunakan glutaraldehyde menaikkan kuat tekan komposit namun kapasitas adsorpsi menurun. Uji desorpsi memperlihatkan perbedaan laju desorpsi yang signifikan antara air dan etanol. Hasil uji pendahuluan pervaporasi mengindikasikan komposit sebagai media pemisahan campuran etanol/air yang efisien.

The synthesis of PVA-zeolite-clay composite and its adsorption desorption test of ethanol/water mixture have been done. The Composite was synthesized by mixing zeolite-clay as filler into the PVA solution as matrix and then dried for 24 hours. On the synthesis, the effect of NaOH concentration, the amount of filler, and glutaraldehyde concentration toward the quality of composite were also studied. The filler and the composite were characterized by using infrared spectrophotometer and X-ray diffraction to identify the structure, and the composite was also tested for compressive strength using Material Testing Machine. Adsorption capacity test was carried out by soaking the composite in water for 24 hours. Adsorption-desorption test was conducted by dropping ethanol and ethanol/water mixture of known concentration on composite then observed the time for complete adsorption, meanwhile the desorption test was determined by measuring the adsorbate release as function of time. The result shows that alkaline treatment of zeolite-clay as filler resulted different structure and properties of composite compared to the untreated zeolite-clay as filler. The increasing of NaOH concentration and amount of filler improve the adsorption capacity of composite as well as compressive strength. Desorption test shows significant differences of desorption rate between water and ethanol. Preliminary test indicates that the composite has an ability to separate ethanol/water mixture through pervaporation system without heating.

Kata Kunci : aktivasi basa, uji adsorpsi-desorpsi, pervaporasi