PENGEMBANGAN DAYA TARIK BURUNG MALEO (Macrocephalon maleo) SEBAGAI OBYEK EKOWISATA DI SALUKI TAMAN NASIONAL LORE LINDU PROPINSI SULAWESI TENGAH

Haruna, Dr. Satyawan Pudyatmoko, S.Hut.,M.Sc.

2011 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Kehutanan

Penelitaan ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui potensi burung Maleo (Macrocephalon maleo), persepsi, preferensi masyarakat sekitar dan wisatawan, potensi pendukung dan sarana prasarana penunjang serta menyusun strategi pengembangan daya tarik burung Maleo sebagai obyek ekowisata. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dari bulan Agustus – Oktober 2010 di Taman Nasional Lore Lindu yang terletak di Saluki, Desa Tuva, Kecamatan Gumbasa, Kabupaten Sigi, Propinsi Sulawesi Tengah. Penelitian menggunakan metode observasi, survey dan wawancara dengan pendekatan deskriptif. Pengambilan data populasi burung Maleo menggunakan metode garis transek. Data persepsi masyarakat dilakukan secara stratified sampling dengan pengambilan sampel pada setiap strata, menggunakan metode snow ball sebesar 12% dari jumlah Kepala Keluarga. Sedangkan data wisatawan secara accidental sampling serta data potensi pendukung dan sarana prasarana diperoleh dari pengamatan langsung dilapangan. Selanjutnya data dianalisis secara deskriptif dan SWOT untuk menyusun strategi pengembangan daya tarik burung Maleo sebabagi obyek ekowisata. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan populasi burung Maleo di Saluki sebesar 3052,39 ± 1.46 ekor dengan kepadatan populasi 2,09 ± 0.28 ekor/ha serta frekwensi perjumpaan setiap garis transek sebesar 3 kali. Jumlah burung Maleo yang dilepas ke habitatnya sebagai hasil penetasan di penangkaran tahun 2006 – 2010 sebanyak 586 ekor. Persepsi masyarakat yang menyatakan sangat setuju apabila dilakukan pengembangan daya tarik burung Maleo sebagai obyek ekowisata sebanyak 95% dan wisatawan sebanyak 94%. Hasil analisis terhadap faktor eksternal dan internal pengembangan daya tarik burung Maleo sebagai obyek ekowisata di Saluki TNLL dapat dilakukan melalui program-program yaitu; (a) mengurangi intensitas kegiatan pada kawasan hutan TNLL yang dapat mengancam keberadaan kawasan yang ada di Saluki khususnya habitat burung Maleo; (b) melibatkan pihak yang memiliki kepentingan dalam pengembangan ekowisata (multi stakeholders) dalam proses perencanaan, pengelolaan dan pengawasan; (c) meningkatkan pengetahuan, keterampilan dan peran serta masyarakat pada berbagai bidang yang terkait dengan pengembangan daya tarik burung Maleo sebagai obyek ekowisata; (d) pembangunan dan pengembangan sarana prasarana dan (e) mengoptimalkan faktor-faktor pendukung serta (f) kegiatan pemasaran dan promosi baik tingkat nasional maupun internasional.

The aims of the reserch were to assess the potential of Maleo (Macrocephalon maleo) as ecotourism attraction, to describe the perception and the preference of the local peoples and the tourists, and to investigate potentially supporting ecotourism object, and the supporting structure and infrastructure as basic data for formulating the strategy of development of the attractivness of Malie bird as tourism object. This study was conducted in August-October 2010 in Lore Lindu National Park, especially in Saluki Resort. The data of the maleo population was collected by using transect line method. The data of the perception of the local people was collected by using stratified sampling. The samples of each of stratum were drawn using snow ball with sampling intensity of 12%. The data of the tourists was collected using accidental sampling. The data of the potentially supporting ecotourism, and the supporting structure and infrastructure was collected with direct observation in the field. Finally, the data was analyzed by using SWOT technique for formulating the strategy of the development of the attractiveness of maleo. The results showed that the population of the Maleo in Saluki was 3052,39 ± 1.46 birds with the population density of 2,09 ± 0.28 birds/ha. The number of the birds that were hatched in 2006-2010 were 4,837 eggs, and the chicks released into their habitat were 586 individuals. The local that agreed for the development of the attraction of the birds as ecotourism object were 95%, and the tourists were 94%. The results of SWOT analysis showed that the attractiveness of maleo should be developed through the following programs: (a) reducing the intensity of the activities in the forest areas that endanger the habitat; (b) involving multistakeholders, including researchers who were interested in developing the ecotourism in planning, managing and supervising processes; (c) improving the knowledge, the skill and the role of the local people reated to development of the attractiveness of Maleo; (d) developing structure and infrastructure; (e) optimizing the supporting factors and; (f) also increase promotion and marketing effort both at national and international levels.

Kata Kunci : Saluki, Taman Nasional Lore Lindu, burung Maleo, Ekowisata