PENGARUH KONSENTRASI BAHAN IN-OFFICE BLEACHING TERHADAP KEKERASAN EMAIL

Andika Rahmat Pratama, drg. Endang Retnowati, MKes,Sp.KG(K)

2011 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Konservasi Gigi

Sebagai bahan bleaching, hidrogen peroksida yang diaplikasikan pada gigi banyak memberikan pengaruh merugikan pada struktur gigi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh konsentrasi bahan in-office bleaching hidrogen peroksida 30%, 35% dan 38% terhadap kekerasan email. Subjek penelitian tiga puluh dua gigi insisivus permanen yang telah dicabut, dibagi secara acak menjadi 4 kelompok. Masing-masing kelompok terdiri dari 8 gigi. In-office bleaching dilakukan pada kelompok I,II dan III yang masing – masing kelompok secara berurutan diberi perlakuan hidrogen peroksida 30%, 35% dan 38%. Bleaching dilakukan selama 30 menit disinari lampu halogen dengan jarak 30 cm. kelompok IV tidak diberi perlakuan bleaching sebagai kelompok kontrol. Setelah di bleaching, gigi di cuci dan di potong sebatas servikal. Mahkota gigi ditanam dalam resin akrilik dengan bagian labial menghadap ke atas. Kekerasan mikro email diukur dengan menggunakan Vickers Hardness Tester pada 3 titik permukaan labial tiap - tiap gigi, yaitu 1/3 insisal, 1/3 tengah dan 1/3 servikal. Data di analisis dengan ANOVA satu jalur dan uji-t dengan tingkat signifikansi 0,05. Rerata kekerasan email pada kelompok kontrol 490,9988 ± 57, 33511 VHN, pada kelompok I (H2O2 30%) 351, 8338 ± 37, 61337 VHN, pada kelompok II (H2O2 35%) 233, 7925 ± 38, 83932 VHN, pada kelompok III (H2O2 38%) 194, 7075 ± 24, 77265 VHN Hasil dengan ANOVA satu jalur menunjukkan adanya perbedaan signifikansi antar kelompok hidrogen peroksida 30%, 35%, dan 38% (p<0,05). Hasil dengan uji-t menunjukkan adanya perbedaan antar kelompok perlakuan (p<0,05). Semakin tinggi konsentrasi hidrogen peroksida, semakin besar pula penurunan kekerasan email.

Hydrogen peroxide as the bleaching material which is applied to the teeth has raised questions as to possible adversed effect on tooth structure. This study evaluated the effects of 30%, 35% and 38% hydrogen peroxide on enamel hardness. A total of 32 extracted human incisors were randomly divided into 4 groups of 8. An in-office bleaching was conducted where the groups I , II and III were treated with 30%, 35%, and 38% hydrogen peroxide respectively. Thirty minutes bleaching sessions were conducted which were irradiated with halogen lamp with a distance of 30 cm. Group IV was not exposed to any bleaching system and served as the control group. After bleaching the subjects were washed and sectioned at cervical level. The crowns were imbedded in acrylic resin with facial surfaces facing up. Enamel microhardness measurements were carried out using Vickers Hardness Tester on 3 points of labial surface of each tooth which were incisal, middle and apical one-third. Data was analyzed using one-way ANOVA and t-test at a 0.05 significance level. The mean enamel hardness in the control group 490.9988 ± 57, 33 511 VHN, in group I (H2O2 30%) 351, 8338 ± 37, 61 337 VHN, in group II (35% H2O2) 233, 7925 ± 38, 83 932 VHN, on group III (38% H2O2) 194, 7075 ± 24, 77 265 VHN Results with one way ANOVA showed significant differences between groups of hydrogen peroxide 30%, 35%, and 38% (p <0.05). The results with ttest shows the differences between the treatment group (p <0.05). The higher the concentration of hydrogen peroxide, the greater the reduction in enamel hardness.

Kata Kunci : in-office bleaching, kekerasan mikro, Nilai Kekerasan Vickers