Penggunaan prekursor hormon testosteron dalam pakan terhadap performan reproduksi puyuh (Coturnix coturnix japonica) jantan

FITRIYAH, Abyadul, Promotor Prof. Ir. Wihandoyo, MS., PhD

2010 | Disertasi | S3 Ilmu Pertanian

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kualitas reproduksi puyuh jantan berdasarkan kadar hormon testosteron, ukuran testis, kualitas suara, kecemerlangan bulu dada, dan spermatogenesisnya, dengan penambahan asam lemak omega-3, omega-6 dan kolesterol ke dalam pakan. Penelitian tahap 1 menggunakan 14 ekor puyuh jantan umur empat minggu, dengan perlakuan : R0 (kontrol), R1 (0,163 mg omega-3/100 g bb), R2 (0,326 mg omega-3/100 g bb), R3 (0,163 mg omega-6/100 g bb), R4 (0,326 mg omega-6/100 g bb), R5 (20 mg kolesterol NF/100 g bb), dan R6 (40 mg kolesterol NF /100 g bb). Tahap 2 menggunakan 175 ekor puyuh jantan umur empat minggu, dengan perlakuan : R0 (kontrol), R1 (3% minyak lemuru), R2 (6% minyak lemuru), R3 (3% minyak sawit), R4 (6% minyak sawit ), R5 (3% kuning telur), dan R6 (6% kuning telur). Tahap 3 menggunakan 35 ekor puyuh jantan (3 level perlakuan terbaik tahap 2), yang dikawinkan dengan 35 ekor puyuh betina. Data dianalisis dengan analisis variansi, dilanjutkan dengan uji kontras ortogonal dan sebagian data dianalisis secara deskriptif. Hasil penelitian tahap pertama : Pemberian 0,326 mg asam lemak omega-3, omega-6 serta 40 mg kolesterol sintetis menunjukkan respon terbaik yaitu peningkatan pada kecemerlangan warna bulu dada dan kualitas suara, pemberian 0,326 mg asam lemak omega-3, omega-6 serta 20 mg kolesterol sintetis menunjukkan respon terbaik pada ukuran testis dan kadar hormon testosteron. Hasil penelitian tahap kedua, pemberian 6% (minyak lemuru, minyak sawit dan kuning telur) menunjukkan respon yang terbaik pada peningkatan kecemerlangan warna bulu dada dan kualitas suara, pemberian 6% (minyak lemuru dan minyak sawit) serta 3% kuning telur menunjukkan respon yang terbaik pada peningkatan ukuran testis, kualitas semen dan kadar hormon testosteron. Hasil penelitian tahap ketiga menunjukkan bahwa kandungan asam lemak omega-3, omega-6 dan kolesterol dengan level yang sesuai, dapat dimanfaatkan oleh puyuh untuk meningkatkan fertilitas dan daya tetas telurnya. Secara keseluruhan dapat disimpulkan bahwa pemberian asam lemak omega-3 dan omega-6 dosis tinggi (0,326 mg omega-3/100 g bb) serta kolesterol dosis rendah (20 mg/100 g bb) secara oral dan pemberian 6% (minyak lemuru dan minyak sawit) dan 3% kuning telur dalam pakan dapat meningkatkan performan reproduksi puyuh jantan, fertilitas rata-rata sebesar 92,48% dan daya tetas 69,30%.

The experiment was conducted to improve the quality of the male quail reproduction based on testosterone hormone level, testis size, voice quality, the color brightness of the chest fur, and spermatogenesis, with the addition of fatty acid omega-3, omega-6 and cholesterol in the diets. Phase 1 used 14 male quails, aged four weeks old, with treatment : R0 (control), R1 (0.163 mg omega-3/100 g of body weight), R2 (0.326 mg omega-3/100 g of body weight), R3 (0.163 mg omega-6/100 g of body weight), R4 (0.326 mg omega-6/100 g of body weight), R5 (20 mg cholesterol NF/100 g of body weight), and R6 (40 cholesterol NF mg / 100 g of body weight). Phase 2 used 175 male quails which were four weeks old, with dietary treatments of R0 (control), R1 (3% lemuru fish oil), R2 (6% lemuru fish oil), R3 (3% palm oil) , R4 (6% palm oil), R5 (3% yolk), and R6 (6% yolk). Stage 3 used 35 male quails (three best treatment levels on phase two), which was mated with 35 female quails. Data obtained were analyzed using analysis of varian continued with orthogonal contrast test, and some were in the form of descriptive data. The first phase of research results: The 0.326 mg fatty acid omega-3, omega-6 and 40 mg cholesterol synthetic showed the best response to the increase in the color brightness of the chest fur and the voice quality, the use of 0.326 mg (fatty acid omega-3 and omega-6), and 20 mg cholesterol synthetic showed the best response to the increase of the testis size and testosterone hormone level. The second phase of research results, the use of 6% (lemuru fish oil, palm oil, and yolk) showed the best response to the increase of the color brightness of the chest fur and the voice quality, the use of 6% (lemuru fish oil and palm oil), and 3% yolk showed the best response to the increase of the testis size, semen quality and testosterone hormone level. Results of the research indicated that the third stage, the actual fatty acid omega-3, omega-6 and cholesterol according to the level in the feed, could be used by quail to improve fertility and hatchability. Altogether it could be concluded that the fatty acid omega-3 and omega-6 high-dose (0.326 mg omega-3/100 g of body weight) and cholesterol low-dose (20 mg/100 g of body weight) per oral and 6% (lemuru fish oil and palm oil) and 3% yolk in the diets could enhance male quail reproductive performance, the average fertility of 92.48% and 69.30% hatchability.

Kata Kunci : Prekursor,Hormon testosteron,Reproduksi,Performan,Puyuh jantan