Pengaruh penerapan good agriculture practices (GAP) terhadap pendapatan petani salak pondoh di Kabupaten Sleman

ASTUTI, Yosephine Retno, Prof. Catur Sugiyanto, M.A., Ph.D

2010 | Tesis | S2 Magister Ekonomika Pembangunan

Penelitian ini menganalisis pengaruh penerapan Good Agriculture Practices (GAP) terhadap peningkatan pendapatan petani salak Pondoh dan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi produktivitas tanaman salak Pondoh di Kabupaten Sleman. Lokasi penelitian adalah daerah sentra produksi salak Pondoh di Kabupaten Sleman, yaitu Kecamatan Tempel dan Kecamatan Turi. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan metode purposive sampling dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 70, terdiri dari 30 sampel petani yang menerapkan GAP (petani GAP) dan 40 sampel petani yang tidak menerapkan GAP (petani non GAP). Analisis data menggunakan uji beda rata-rata dan analisis regresi linier berganda metode Ordinary Least Square (OLS). Hasil perhitungan menunjukkan bahwa penerapan GAP terbukti mampu meningkatkan pendapatan bersih (keuntungan) petani salak Pondoh di Kabupaten Sleman. Pendapatan petani GAP berbeda dengan pendapatan petani non GAP. Rata-rata pendapatan petani GAP adalah Rp1.532.109, lebih besar 46,37 persen dibanding rata-rata pendapatan petani non GAP yaitu sebesar Rp1.046.703. Pendapatan petani sebelum menerapkan GAP berbeda dengan pendapatan petani sesudah menerapkan GAP. Rata-rata pendapatan petani sesudah menerapkan GAP adalah Rp1.532.109 atau meningkat 13,91 persen dari rata-rata pendapatan petani sebelum menerapkan GAP yaitu sebesar Rp1.345.021. Pendapatan petani GAP tidak dipengaruhi oleh lokasi budi daya dan jangka waktu penerapan GAP. Hasil analisis regresi menunjukkan bahwa faktor-faktor yang secara statistik signifikan mempengaruhi produktivitas tanaman salak Pondoh adalah penerapan GAP, penjarangan buah, dan frekuensi pemeliharaan rutin (pengaruh positif) serta frekuensi pembinaan (pengaruh negatif).

This study analyzed the effect of the implementation of Good Agriculture Practices (GAP) in increasing the salak Pondoh farmer’s income and the factors affecting salak Pondoh productivity in Sleman district. Research location is the centre of salak Pondoh producing areas in Sleman district, which are Tempel and Turi subdistrict. Technique sampling used in this research is purposive sampling with total sample is 70, consisting of 30 farmers who apply GAP (GAP farmers) and 40 farmers who do not apply GAP (non-GAP farmers). All of the data was analyzed using the average difference test and multiple regression analysis with Ordinary Least Square (OLS) method. The result shows that the implementation of GAP can increase the net income (profit) of salak Pondoh farmers in Sleman district. The GAP farmer’s income is different from the non-GAP farmer’s income. The average of GAP farmer’s income is 1.532.109 IDR or 46,37 percent greater than the average of non-GAP farmer’s income which is 1.046.703 IDR. The farmer’s income before applying GAP is different from the farmer’s income after applying GAP. The average farmer’s income after applying GAP is 1.532.109 IDR or increased 13,91 percent from the average farmer’s income before applying GAP which is 1.345.021 IDR. The GAP farmer’s income is not affected by the plantation location and time period of the GAP implementation. Regression analysis showed that the factors which statistically significant affects the salak Pondoh productivity are GAP implementation, fruit thinning out process, frequency of regular maintenance (positive effect) and frequency of coaching (negative effect).

Kata Kunci : Petani salak pondoh,Penerapan good agriculture practice (GAP),Pendapatan bersih,Produktivitas, salak Pondoh farmers, the implementation of Good Agriculture Practices (GAP), net income, productivity