Stress kerja ditinjau dari shift kerja dan beban kerja pada pekerja wanita di PT. GE LIGHTING INDONESIA Yogyakarta

WAMBRAUW, Anton, Dr. dr. Lientje Setyawati Maurts, MS.,Sp.OK

2010 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Kesehatan Kerja

Latar belakang: Kebutuhan akan lampu listrik yang terus menigkat menyebabkan perusahaan dalam proses produksi menerapkan sistem kerja shift yang tentunya mempunyai dampak positif dan negatif terhadap kesehatan pekerjanya. Selain itu juga beban kerja yang dihadapi pekerja wanita baik di tempat kerja maupun di rumah tangga merupakan salah satu penyebab kelelahan, ketegangan, dan stres bagi pekerja tersebut sehingga dapat mempengaruhi produktivitas kerjanya. Tujuan: Mengetahui, memahami, mengerti dan menganalisis hubungan dan perbedaan antara shift kerja dan beban kerja dengan stres kerja pada pekerja wanita secara parsial dan simultan. Metode: Penelitian ini bersifat survei analitik dengan rancangan cross sectional dengan responden sebanyak 204 orang. Data di analisis menggunakan uji statistik regresi linier dan anova dengan menggunakan bantuan program komputer. Hasil: (1) shift kerja berhubungan secara signifikan dengan stres kerja (p=0,006 dan R2=0,036); (2) beban kerja berhubungan secara signifikan dengan stres kerja (p=0,002 dan R2=0,048); (3) shift kerja dan beban kerja berhubungan secara signifikan dengan stres kerja (p=0,000 dan R2=0,089); (4) shift kerja (pagi, sore, malam) tidak berbeda secara signifikan dengan stres kerja; (5) beban kerja (ringan, sedang, berat) tidak berbeda secara signifikan dengan stres kerja; dan (6) shift kerja (pagi, sore, malam) tidak berbeda secara signifikan dengan beban kerja. Kesimpulan: (1) terdapat hubungan antara shift kerja dengan stres kerja pada pekerja wanita; (2) terdapat hubungan antara beban kerja di tempat kerja dengan stres kerja pada pekerja wanita; (3) terdapat hubungan antara shift kerja dan beban kerja di tempat kerja secara bersamaan dengan stres kerja pada pekerja wanita; (4) tidak terdapat perbedaan antara shift kerja (pagi, sore, malam) dengan stres kerja pada pekerja wanita; (5) tidak terdapat perbedaan antara beban kerja (ringan, sedang, berat) dengan stres kerja pada pekerja wanita; dan (6) tidak terdapat perbedaan antara shift kerja (pagi, sore, malam) dengan beban kerja di tempat kerja pada pekerja wanita.

Background: The increasing needs for electrical lamps encourage companies to implement a shift-based work system in production process. The implementation has positive and negative impacts on workers’ health. Moreover, workload among the female workers in workplace and household are two of the underlying causes of fatigue, strain and stress for them, in turn influencing their work productivity. Purpose: This study is to find out, understand, and analyze relationship between both work shift and work load and work stress, as well as difference in effect among the female workers both partially and simultaneously. Method: It was conducted using a survey method with a cross-sectional design. Respondents of the study were 204 workers. Data were analyzed by using a linear multiple regression method assisted by the computer program. Result: Findings of the study indicates that (1) there was a significant correlation between work shift and stress among the female workers (p=0.006, R2=0.036); (2)there was a significant correlation between work load and stress (p=0.002, R2=0.048); (3) both work shift and load simultaneously had a significant correlation with work stress (p=0.000, R2=0.089); (4) morning, afternoon and evening work shifts had no significant difference in ffect on work stress; (5) light, mode-rate, and heavy work loads had no significant difference in effect on work stress; and (6) morning, afternoon and night work shifts and work load had no significant difference in effect on work stress. Conclusion: Based on the result, it can be concluded that (1) there was a correlation between work shift and work stress among the female workers; (2) there was a correlation between work load in workplace and work stress among them; (3) there was a correlation between work shift and work load in workplace among them; (4) there was no difference in effect of morning, afternoon, and evening work shifts on work stress among them; (5) there was no difference in effect of light, moderate, and severe work loads on the stress among them; and (6) there was no difference in effect of morning, afternoon and evening work shifts and work load in workplace among them.

Kata Kunci : Shift kerja,Beban kerja,Stres kerja,GE Lighting Indonesia