Analisis produksi dan nilai tambah komoditi kopra rakyat di Kabupaten Halmahera Utara

PATTY, Zeth, Prof. Dr. Ir. Masyhuri

2010 | Tesis | S2 Ekonomi Pertanian

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk : (1) mengetahui faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi produksi kopra rakyat, (2) mengetahui faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi pendapatan komoditi kopra, (3) mengetahui besaran nilai tambah dari pengolahan kopra rakyat, (4) mengetahui jumlah kontribusi pendapatan kopra terhadap pendapatan rumahtangga tani petani kelapa di Halmahera Utara. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Kabupaten Halmahera Utara, pada periode panen 2009 / 2010. Lokasi penelitian ditentukan secara sengaja (purposive sampling), sedangkan petani sampel ditingkat desa diambil secara acak (simple random sampling) untuk menghindari pemilihan sampel secara subjektif. Pengumpulan data primer dilakukan melalui wawancara secara langsung dengan menggunakan kuesioner. Untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi produksi dan pendapatan digunakan regresi linier berganda dengan metode kuadrat terkecil (OLS), untuk mengetahui besaran nilai tambah digunakan metode output input, sedangkan analisis kontribusi dilakukan dengan membandingkan persentase pendapatan usaha kopra terhadap total pendapatan rumah tangga petani. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa : (1) Faktor-faktor yang berpengaruh signifikan terhadap produksi kopra, antara lain jumlah tenaga kerja, jumlah tanaman, pengalaman petani, serta keberadaan tanaman sela baik pada jenis tanaman tahunan maupun jenis tanaman semusim (2) Faktor-faktor yang berpengaruh signifikan terhadap pendapatan kopra, antara lain harga kopra, luas lahan, pengalaman petani, serta keberadaan tanaman sela jenis tanaman semusim (3) Pengolahan kopra rakyat di daerah penelitian memberikan nilai tambah yang kecil yakni Rp. 106 per kg (4) Pendapatan kopra masih memberikan kontribusi sebesar 48,43 % terhadap pendapatan rumahtangga tani di lokasi penelitian.

This research aims to : (1) know factors influencing the production of copra, (2) know factors influencing the income of copra, (3) know added value magnitude of copra commodity, and (4) know contributions of copra income to the household income of coconut farmers in North Halmahera. The research was conducted in North Halmahera Regency, in the harvest period of 2009 / 2010. The location of this research was selected by purposive sampling, whereas the farmers who become the sample at the village level was selected by simple random sampling to avoid the subjective selection of sample. The collection of primary data was conducted through direct interview by utilizing a questionnaire. In order to know the factors influencing production and income is applied by multiple linear regression with least square method (OLS); to know amount of added value, the input output method was selected, whereas the contribution analysis was done by comparing copra income percentage to the total income of farmer household. The result of this research indicates that : (1) the factors that influence production of copra are : the number of labours, number of crops, farmers experience, as well as the presence of catch crop both the perennial type and also the annual crops (2) that influence to copra income are : the price of copra, width of farmland, farmers experience, as well as the presence catch crop from the annual type, (3) The processing of copra in this research area gives small added value of 106 IDR per kg (4) Copra income still provides a contribution of 48,43% towards the total income of farmers household in this research location.

Kata Kunci : Kopra rakyat, Produksi, Pendapatan, Nilai tambah, Kontribusi, Copra, Production, Income, Added Value, Contribution