Peran pembinaan teritorial (Binter) Kodim dalam mengelola konflik :: Studi kasus upaya Kodim 0731/Kulon Progo dalam mencegah terjadinya konflik antara PPLP dengan penambangan pasir besi di Kabupaten Kulon Progo

AMIN, Munawarah, Eric Hiariej, M.Phil.,Ph.D

2010 | Tesis |

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: 1) memberikan evaluasi tentang peran Binter Kodim 0731/Kulon Progo dalam mengelola konflik antara PPLP dengan penambang Pasir Besi di Kabupaten Kulon Progo, dan 2) mengetahui hambatan-hambatan yang menyebabkan peran Binter Kodim 0731/Kulon Progo dalam mengelola konflik antara PPLP dengan penambang Pasir Besi di Kabupaten Kulon Progo belum optimal. Metode penelitian menggunakan penelitian deskriptif. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui observasi, wawancara, dan studi dokumen. Observasi ditujukan pada kegiatan Binter di lokasi penambangan pasir besi Kulonprogo. Wawancara ditujukan kepada personel TNI AD yang langsung melaksanakan komunikasi sosial di desa-desa yang terkena dampak langsung penambangan, sedangkan studi dokumentasi dilakukan dengan mempelajari kembali laporan intelijen yang ada di Kodim 0731/Kulonprogo maupun Korem 072/Pamungkas. Analisis data dilakukan melalui tahap reduksi data, display data, dan verifikasi atau penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan, pertama, peran Binter dilakukan guna membentuk kekuatan sosial budaya dan kekuatan ekonomi. Tetapi, peran Binter dalam menghadapi konflik penambangan lebih banyak menekankan pada aspek pengumpulan data sebagai bagian dari fungsi intelijen yang melekat pada setiap personel TNI AD. Hasil pengumpulan data dan informasi ini kemudian dilaporkan kepada kesatuan teritorial di atasnya. Kodim 0731/KLP maupun Babinsa di masing- masing Desa lebih bersikap pasif dalam pengambilan inisiatif komunikasi sosial, baik dalam kegiatan sosialisasi maupun KISS (koordinasi, inovasi, sinkronisasi dan simplifikasi) sehingga peran Binter tidak optimal. Kedua, pelaksanaan Binter menghadapi hambatan keterbatasan kemampuan personel TNI AD, pola sikap masyarakat, perkembangan lingkungan strategis, serta dampak ditetapkannya otonomi dan pelaksanaan HAM. Keterbatasan kemampuan personel tampak dari lemahnya kemampuan personel dalam melakukan koordinasi, sinkronisasi dan simplifikasi ketika terjadi konflik, kurangnya inisiatif personel dalam menghadapi konflik serta ketidakmampuan sebagai inovator pembangunan. Hambatan berupa pola sikap masyarakat ditunjukkan dengan sikap masyarakat yang keras pada pendapatnya sendiri tetapi kurang bersikap terbuka untuk melihat persoalan dari sudut pandang lain yang lebih luas lagi. Hambatan perkembangan lingkungan strategis ditunjukkan oleh dimanfaatkannya keadaan konflik untuk tujuan politik tertentu baik oleh partai politik maupun oleh LSM. Hambatan dari pelaksanaan otonomi daerah dan HAM terletak pada semakin beraninya masyarakat menyatakan perbedaan pendapatnya kepada pemerintah. Kesimpulannya, peran Binter TNI AD melalui komunikasi sosial dalam menghadapi konflik penambangan pasir besi di Kabupaten Kulonprogo tidak optimal. Hal ini terjadi karena keterbatasan kemampuan personel TNI AD di komando teritorial setempat, sikap masyarakat, perubahan lingkungan strategis, serta dinamika pelaksanaan otonomi daerah dan HAM.

This study aims to: 1) provide an evaluation of the role of Binter of Kodim 0731/Kulon Progo in mana ging conflicts between PPLP and iron sand miners in Kulon Progo Regency, and 2) know the barriers that cause the role of Kodim 0731/Kulon Progo Binter in managing conflict between PPLP and iron sand miners in Kulon Progo Regency not optimal. The research used descriptive research method. Data collection was conducted through observation, interview and document study. Observation was addressed to the activity of Binter in iron sand mining location Kulon Progo. Interview was addressed to Army personnels who directly conduct social communication in the villages which get direct impact of the mining, while the document study was conducted by studying the report of intelligence existing in Kodim 0731/Kulon Progo and Korem 072/Pamungkas. Data analysis was carried out through stages of data reduction, data display, and verification or conclusion. The results show that, first, the role of Binter is performed to establish sociocultural and economic forces. However, the role of Binter in facing mining conflict emphasizes mostly on data collection as part of the intelligence function which is stuck to each Army personnel. Results of these data and information collections are then reported to the territorial unity above it. Either Kodim 0731/KLP or Babinsa in each village is more passive in taking the initiative of social communication, both in the socialization activity and KISS (coordination, innovation, synchronization and simplification) that the role of Binter is not optimal. Second, Binter implementation faces the obstacles of limited ability of Army personnels, the pattern of public attitudes, the development of the strategic environment, as well as impact of autonomy determination and implementation of human rights. The limited ability of the personnels can be seen from the weak ability of the personnels in doing coordination, synchronization and simplification when there is a conflict, lack of initiative of personnels in dealing with conflicts and the inability as the development innovator. Obstacle such as the pattern of public attitudes is shown by the attitude of the society which is strict on their own opinion but not being open to see cases from another wider perspective. Obstacle of the development of the strategic enviroment is indicated by the use of conflict for certain political purposes by both political parties as well as by NGOs. Obstacle of implementation of regional autonomy and human rights lies at the nerve of the community to express their different opinions to the government. In conclusion, the role of the Binter of Army through social communication in dealing with conflicts of iron sand mining in Kulon Progo Regency is not optimal. This is because of the limited ability of the Army personnels at the local territorial command, public attitudes, changes in the strategic environment, as well as the dynamics of the implementation of regional autonomy and human rights. Keywords : Territorial Development (Pembinaan Teritorial/Binter) of TNI AD (Army), mining conflicts, Kulon Progo.

Kata Kunci : Pembinaan territorial (Binter) TNI AD,Konflik penambangan,Kulon Progo, Territorial Development (Pembinaan Teritorial/Binter) of TNI AD (Army), mining conflicts, Kulon Progo