Analisis sekuen nukleotida E/NS1 gene junction virus dengue serotipe 2 asal DKI Jakarta, Indonesia

WIDIANI, Nurhaida, dr. Tri Wibawa, Ph.D

2010 | Tesis | S2 Bioteknologi

Demam dengue atau demam berdarah dengue merupakan salah satu masalah kesehatan di daerah tropis dan subtropis. Penyakit ini disebabkan oleh virus dengue (genus flavivirus, famili flaviviridae). Vektor pembawa virus dengue adalah nyamuk Aedes aegypti dan Aedes albopictus. Genom virus dengue tersusun atas tiga protein struktural (protein nukleokapsid, protein envelope, dan protein pre-membran) dan tujuh protein nonstruktural (NS1, NS2a, NS2b, NS3, NS4a, NS4b, dan NS5). Usaha untuk mengontrol penyakit ini tergantung pada pemahaman patogenesis virus dengue. Tetapi pengetahuan mengenai patogenesis virus dengue masih belum banyak diketahui karena belum adanya model yang cocok baik in vitro maupun in vivo. Sehingga dilakukan analisis sekuen nukleotida E/NS1 gene junction virus dengue tipe 2 asal DKI Jakarta, Indonesia untuk mengetahui hubungan filogeni virus dengue yang beredar saat ini. Sekuen nukleotida (240 bp) dari E/NS1 gene junction merupakan segmen yang biasa digunakan untuk analisis perbandingan sekuen. Hasil analisis menunjukkan strain virus yang diteliti berkerabat dengan virus DEN-2 asal Asia yaitu Myanmar, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Brunei, dan Malaysia. Tetapi kelima virus ini berada dalam kelompok yang berbeda dengan virus asal Amerika latin (Brazil). Virus Dengue dari Asia diduga lebih virulen dibandingkan virus dengue dari daerah lain. Sehingga kemungkinan terjadi peningkatan kasus DBD di Indonesia.

Dengue fever or dengue hemorrhagic fever is one of the most important health problem in tropical and subtropical regions of the world. The causative agent responsible is dengue virus, genus Flavivirus, family Flaviviridae. The virus is transmitted through the bite of mosquito vectors Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus. The genome is composed of three structural protein genes, encoding the nucleocapsid or core protein (C), a membrane-associated protein (M), an envelope protein (E), and seven nonstructural (NS) protein genes NS1, NS2a, NS2b, NS3, NS4a, NS4b, NS5. Efforts to control this disease are dependent on understanding the pathogenicity of dengue viruses and their transmission dynamic. Unfortunately, the pathogenesis of dengue is poorly understood due to the lack of in vitro and in vivo models of disease. We have studied evolutionary relationships and geographic origins of dengue virus strains from DKI Jakarta, Indonesia. Nucleotide sequences (240 bp) from the E/NS1 gene junction was used for phylogenetic analysis of dengue virus type 2. E/NS1 gene junction is one of the most widely studied for comparative sequence analyses. Comparison of dengue serotype 2 viruses from Indonesia with other regions, placed them in cluster containing Asia strains; Myanmar, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Brunei, and Malaysia. Dengue viruses from Asia is more virulent than others, It means that DHF cases in Indonesia is probably increased.

Kata Kunci : Virus dengue,E/NS1 gene junction,Xierotype,Flogeni,DEN,2