Perbedaan pengetahuan, sikap, status kesehatan gigi dan mulut murid dan sikap guru antara SD yang mendaapt dan tidak mendapat pelayanan asuhan kesehatan gigi dan mulut

ELVIRA, drg. Sri Widiati, MPH

2010 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Kedokteran Gigi

Latar Belakang: Program pelayanan asuhan kesehatan gigi dan mulut merupakan bagian dari kegiatan UKGS. Program pelayanan asuhan kesehatan gigi dan mulut yang dilaksanakan oleh mahasiswa JKG bekerjasama dengan SD Attaufik, SD Sari Putra dan SDN 74 Kota Jambi telah berjalan ± 5 tahun, namun kegiatan ini belum pernah dievaluasi. Tujuan: penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui perbedaan pengetahuan, sikap, status kesehatan gigi dan mulut murid serta sikap guru SD yang mendapat pelayanan asuhan kesehatan gigi dan mulut. Metode Penelitian: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian survei dengan rancangan cross sectional. Subjek penelitian murid SD yang berjumlah 318 orang terdiri dari: murid SD yang mendapat pelayanan asuhan kesehatan gigi dan mulut sebanyak 160 orang dan murid SD pembanding sebanyak 158 orang. Untuk guru SD berjumlah 142 orang terdiri dari: guru SD yang mendapat pelayanan asuhan kesehatan gigi dan mulut sebanyak 72 orang dan guru SD pembanding sebanyak 70 orang. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan kuesioner untuk mengukur pengetahuan dan sikap. Untuk mengukur status kebersihan gigi dan mulut digunakan indeks OHI-S dan untuk mengukur status karies gigi digunakan indeks DMF-T. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan uji t. Hasil Penelitian: Hasil uji t menunjukkan pengetahuan, sikap, status kebersihan gigi dan mulut, status karies gigi murid dan sikap guru terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan (p<0,05) antara kelompok murid SD yang mendapat pelayanan asuhan kesehatan gigi dan mulut dengan murid SD pembanding. Pengetahuan, sikap, status kebersihan mulut dan status karies gigi kelompok murid SD yang mendapat pelayanan asuhan kesehatan gigi dan mulut lebih baik daripada kelompok SD pembanding. Sikap guru SD yang mendapat pelayanan asuhan kesehatan gigi dan mulut lebih baik daripada sikap guru SD pembanding. Kesimpulan: SD yang mendapat pelayanan asuhan kesehatan gigi dan mulut yang dilaksanakan oleh mahasiswa Jurusan Kesehatan gigi (JKG) Jambi yang telah berjalan ± 5 tahun berpengaruh positif yang signifikan terhadap peningkatan pengetahuan, sikap, status kebersihan mulut dan status karies gigi murid dan sikap guru (SD Attaufik, SD Sari Putra dan SDN 74 Kota Jambi).

Background: The program of dental health care services is a part of UKGS or schools dental health program. It has been carried out by the students of Dental Health Department in cooperation with several Elementary Schools, such as SD Attaufik, Sari Putra and SDN 74 Jambi Municipality for approximately 5 years; however the program has never been evaluated. Objective: The research aims at identifying the differences of pupils’ knowledge, attitude, dental health status and teachers’ attitude of elementary schools which obtain dental health care services. Method: The research is in the form of a survey by using a cross sectional design. The research employs 318 elementary school pupils as the subject of the research, comprised of 160 pupils who get dental health care services and 158 pupils who do not. In addition, there are 142 teachers involved in this research, comprised of 72 teachers who get dental health care services and 70 teachers who do not. Data are collected by distributing questionnaire to evaluate the knowledge and attitude. Index of Oral Health Simplified (OHI-S) is applied to assess the status of dental and oral hygiene, and index of DMF-T is adopted to assess the status of dental caries. Data are analyzed by using t-test. Result: The result of t-test shows that there are significant differences (p<0.05) of the pupils’ knowledge, attitude, dental and oral health status, and dental caries status as well as teachers’ attitude between groups of pupil and teacher who get dental health care services and those who do not. Knowledge, attitude, status of oral hygiene and dental caries of the group of elementary school pupils who get dental health care services are better than those who do not. Teachers who get dental health care services possess better attitude than those who don’t get dental health care services. Conclusion: Program of dental health care service on elementary schools which has been performed by students of Dental Health Department Jambi for approximately 5 years brings significant positive effects on the increase of students’ knowledge, attitude, status of oral health and dental caries as well as teachers’ attitude in SD Attaufik, SD Sari Putra and SDN 74 Jambi Municipality

Kata Kunci : Pengetahuan,Sikap,Status kesehatan gigi dan mulut murid,Sikap guru sekolah dasar