Biodiversitas artropoda pada pertanaman jagung yang diberi kompos gulma siam (Chromolaena odorata)

HASTUTI, Dewi, Dr.Ir. Nugroho Susetya Putra, M.Si

2010 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Hama Tumbuhan

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh secara tidak langsung kompos gulma siam terhadap keragaman dan kemelimpahan artropoda melalui performa tanaman jagung dan mengetahui pengaruh jenis pupuk terhadap keragaman dan kemelimpahan artropoda baik herbivora maupun karnivora. Lokasi penelitian di Banguntapan, Bantul, Yogyakarta, yang dilaksanakan mulai bulan Oktober 2009 sampai Maret 2010. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah rancangan acak kelompok dengan 4 perlakuan dan 6 ulangan. Perlakuan dalam penelitian ini yaitu pemberian pupuk kompos gulma siam, pupuk kompos kotoran sapi, pupuk sintetis N,P,K dan kontrol. Data hasil pengamatan pada aspek tanaman dan rerata populasi artropoda dianalisis dengan analisis varians dan apabila berbeda nyata maka dilanjutkan dengan uji DMRT pada taraf 5%. Keragaman famili tiap perlakuan dianalisis dengan indeks keragaman (H’). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan pemberian pupuk kompos gulma siam berpengaruh nyata terhadap tinggi tanaman dan berat kering tanaman jagung. Perlakuan jenis pupuk yang berbeda juga berpengaruh nyata terhadap keragaman dan kemelimpahan artropoda jagung. Indeks keragaman tertinggi pada perlakuan kompos gulma siam (1.802), diikuti kompos kotoran sapi (1.772), pupuk N,P,K (1.722) dan terendah kontrol (1.572). Jenis hama yang dominan yaitu Aphididae dan Acrididae sedangkan musuh alami yang dominan yaitu Coccinellidae dan Oxyopidae. Pemberian kompos gulma siam dapat meningkatkan toleransi tanaman terhadap hama

The aims of this research are to know the indirect effect of siam weed compost to the diversity and abundance of athropoda via the performance of maize crops and to know the effect of kinds of fertilizer to the diversity and abundance of anthropoda either herbivore or carnivore. This research was conducted at Banguntapan, Bantul, Yogyakarta from October 2009 until March 2010. This research was arranged by using random group arrangement with 4 threatments and 6 replications. The threatment of this research is by giving fertilizer of siam weed compost, the cow manure compost, syntetic fertilizer N,P,K and control. The data of the crop aspect and the average of anthropoda population analyzed by using ANOVA and if there is any significance will be followed by DMRT at 5% significant level. The diversity of family at each threatment was analyzed by diversity index (H). The result of this research showed that the threatment on giving siam weed compost significant with the hight and the dry weight on maize crops. The threatment by giving kinds of different fertilizer also give the significance to the diversity and the abundance of maize arthropoda. The highest diversity indexs was the siam weed compost (1.802), followed by cow manure compost (1.772) N.P.K fertilizer (1.722) and the lowest was control (1.572). The dominant kinds of pest are Aphididae and Acrididae, while the dominant natural enemy are Coccinellidae and Oxyopidae. The giving of siam weed compost be able to increase the crops tolerance to the maize pest

Kata Kunci : Jagung,Pupuk kompos,Gulma siam,Keragaman,Artropoda