Sebaran dan intensitas budidaya tanaman buah merah (Pandanus conoideus Lamk.) di Kabupaten Seram Bagian Barat Propinsi Maluku

MAKARUKU, Marlita Herlin, Prof. Dr. Ir. Djoko Prajitno, M.Sc

2010 | Tesis | S2 Agronomi

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui cara budidaya tanaman buah merah yang selama ini dilaksanakan di Kabupaten Seram Bagian Barat Propinsi Maluku, populasi dan produktivitasnya, mengetahui kendala-kendala yang dihadapi dalam budidaya tanaman buah merah, mengetahui tingkat budidaya tanaman buah merah dibandingkan dengan standar budidaya dari Dinas Pertanian Kabupaten Seram Bagian Barat. Penelitian dengan metode survei ini dilaksanakan mulai bulan November 2009 sampai bulan Januari 2010 pada dua wilayah kecamatan di Kabupaten Seram Bagian Barat Propinsi Maluku yaitu Desa Rumah Soal, Riring dan Lohia Sapalewa Kecamatan Taniwel serta Desa Hukuanakota, Rumberu dan Rambatu Kecamatan Kairatu. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode survei budidaya tanaman dan metode pengambilan sampel penelitian dengan metode multistage random sampling, dimana yang menjadi lapisan (strata) yang digunakan adalah luas lahan dengan jumlah tanaman buah merah dan kemampuan memelihara tanaman buah merah pada setiap daerah. Setiap desa disampling secara random dipilih sebanyak 10 sampel petani dimana tiap kecamatan terwakili tiga desa sehingga keseluruhan adalah 60 orang petani sampel. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa teknik budidaya buah merah meliputi cara pembibitan, pemeliharaan serta pengolahan pasca panen belum dilaksanakan baik di Kecamatan Taniwel maupun Kecamatan Kairatu Kabupaten Seram Bagian Barat Maluku. Petani di kecamatan Kairatu sudah lebih maju dalam hal pengelolaan tanaman dan pemanfaatan hasil tanaman buah merah dibandingkan petani di Kecamatan Taniwel tetapi Kecamatan Taniwel memiliki jumlah buah tertinggi yaitu 1,31 dibandingkan Kecamatan Kairatu 1,19 karena didukung oleh kondisi tanah dan iklim yang sangat mendukung pertumbuhan dan perkembangan tanaman buah merah. Belum dilaksanakannya penyuluhan tentang teknik budidaya dan pengolahan minyak buah merah di daerah penelitian menyebabkan rendahnya produksi buah merah dan kualitas minyak buah merah yang dihasilkan.

The purposes of this research is to find out the red fruit cultivation ways which has been conducted in West Seram Regency, Maluku Province, its population and productivity, to find out the constraints met in cultivating red fruit, and to find out the level of red fruit cultivation if compared to cultivation standard from Agricultural Department of West Seram Regency. This research was performed using survey method and conducted from November 2009 to January 2010 at two sub district area at West Seram Regency, Maluku Province, which are, Rumah Soal, Riring, and Lohia Sapalewa villages in Taniwel sub district, and Rumberu and Rambatu villages in Kairatu sub district. This research used plant cultivation survey method and sampling was done with multistage random sampling, in which used strata is land with the number of red fruit plants and the ability to maintain the red fruit in every area. From each village which sampled randomly, 10 farmer samples were chosen. Each sub district was represented by three villages, thus, total number of samples are 60 farmers. The results of this research show that cultivation technique of red fruit includes seedling, maintain, and post harvest processing were not performed yet, both on Taniwel or Kairatu sub district. Farmers of Kairatu are more advanced in plant management and utilize the yields than Taniwel. Highest numbers of fruits (1.31) were obtained from Taniwel, however, compared with Kairatu (1.19). This highest number was caused by supporting soil and climate condition which supports the growth and development of red fruit. Counseling on red fruit cultivation technique and oil processing which not conducted yet in research area caused low production and oil quality of red fruit.

Kata Kunci : Buah merah,Metode,Budidaya