Evaluasi kinerja puskesmas dalam penanganan balita gizi buruk menggunakan balanced score card di wilayah Kota Kupang

MANAFE, Agustince Ekasia, Prof. dr. M. Hakimi, SpOG(K), PhD

2010 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat

Latar Belakang: Gizi buruk merupakan keadaan kurang gizi berdasarkan indeks BB/TB <-3 SD akibat rendahnya konsumsi energi dan protein dalam makanan sehari-hari. Penanganan balita gizi buruk di puskesmas dapat diukur dengan menilai kinerja tim yang menangani pelayanan balita gizi buruk menggunakan balanced scorecard sesuai pedoman tatalaksana balita gizi buruk dipuskesmas dari Depkes RI. Tujuan Penelitian: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kinerja puskesmas khususnya puskesmas perawatan dan non perawatan menggunakan balanced scorecard dalam penanganan balita gizi buruk di wilayah Kota Kupang. Metode Penelitian: Penelitian ini merupakan studi evaluatif menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. Jenis penelitian adalah deskriptif dengan tujuan memberikan gambaran mengenai apa yang diteliti. Subjek dalam penelitian adalah tim penanganan balita gizi buruk di puskesmas dan orang tua balita gizi buruk sebagai penerima pelayanan kesehatan. Penentuan subjek penelitian dengan cara purposive sampling. Lokasi penelitian di 2 puskesmas wilayah Kota Kupang meliputi satu puskesmas perawatan yaitu Puskesmas Sikumana dan satu puskesmas non perawatan yaitu Puskesmas Naioni. Pengumpulan data diperoleh dari penyebaran kuesioner, wawancara mendalam, observasi dan kelengkapan dukumen terhadap empat perspektif balanced scorecard. Analisa data meliputi melakukan transkrip data, membuat koding dan penyajian data. Hasil: Kinerja puskesmas terhadap cakupan balita gizi buruk belum mencapai target sesuai standar pelayanan minimal (SPM). Dari empat perspektif yang diukur terdapat perbedaan yaitu Puskesmas Sikumana memiliki kinerja dalam penanganan gizi buruk yang lebih baik dari Puskesmas Naioni. Kesimpulan: Penanganan balita gizi buruk merupakan tanggung jawab tim pelaksana puskesmas sehingga diharapkan mampu memberikan kepuasan pada pelanggan dan mencapai target dari program yang dilaksanakan.

Background: Malnutrition is a condition of being undernourished based on index of body weight/height (wasting) <-3 SD due to low consumption of energy and protein in daily meals. The management of malnourished under fives at health centers can be measured through performance assessment of team in charge of the service for malnourished under fives using balanced scorecard in the service according to guidline of malnourished under five management in health centers issued by the Ministry of Health. Objective: To identify performance of health centers particularly primary and secondary health centers using balanced scorecard in the management of malnourished under five in Kupang Municipality. Method: The study was descriptive with a qualitative approach aimed to give an overview of the object studied. Subject of the study was management team of malnourished under fives at centers and parents of malnourished under fives as acceptors of health service. Samples were taken purposively. Location of the study was in two health centers at Kupang Municipality comprising one primary health center, i.e. SIkumana health center and one secondary health center, i.e. Naioni health center. Data were obtained through questionnaire, indepth interview, observation, and document completeness in four perspectives of balanced scorecard. Data analysis consisted of data transcript, coding, and data presentation. Result: Performance of health center in the management of malnourished under fives Sikumana health center was better than that at Naioni health center. Conclusion: The management of malnourished under fives was the responsibility of health center managing team so that it was expected that the team could satisfy customers and reach the target of the program implementation.

Kata Kunci : Balanced scorecard,Kinerja puskesmas,Penanganan balita gizi buruk