Karakterisasi kromosom sidat bicolor (Anguilla bicolor McClelland, 1844) Sungai Citandui Cilacap Jawa Tengah dan Way Semangka Lampung
GENISA, Marlina Ummas, Drs. Trijoko, M.Si
2010 | Tesis | S2 BiologiSidat bicolor (Anguilla bicolor bicolor) merupakan salah satu jenis sidat yang dibudidayakan di Indonesia untuk usaha ekspor, namun usaha ini masih tergantung pada ketersediaan benih sidat stadium juvenile (glass eel). Eksploitasi yang berlebihan dapat menyebabkan terjadinya penurunan populasi sidat di alam, sehingga akan mengancam kelestarian pada habitat alaminya. Salah satu faktor penting dalam upaya pelestarian dan budidaya sidat, yaitu tersedianya informasi genetik termasuk kromosom. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakter kromosom Anguilla bicolor bicolor dari dua cuplikan populasi sidat bicolor yang berbeda. Sampel Anguilla bicolor bicolor diperoleh dari cuplikan populasi Citandui Cilacap dan populasi Way Semangka Lampung. Metode splash dengan kultur darah digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ukuran kromosom sidat Anguilla bicolor bicolor cuplikan populasi Citandui Cilacap adalah; panjang lengan pendek terpanjang 0.797±0.074, panjang lengan pendek terpendek 0.478±0.030, panjang lengan panjang terpanjang 1.060±0.064, panjang lengan panjang terpendek 0.550±0.03, panjang absolut terpanjang 1.810±0.147, dan panjang absolut terpendek 1.032±0.021. Sedangkan ukuran kromosom sidat Anguilla bicolor bicolor cuplikan populasi Way Semangka Lampung adalah; panjang lengan pendek terpanjang 1.159±0.124, panjang lengan pendek terpendek 0.450±0.113, panjang lengan panjang terpanjang 1.285±0.083, panjang lengan panjang terpendek 0.600±0.057, panjang absolut terpanjang 2.444±0.199, dan panjang absolut terpendek 1.091±0.091. Selisih nilai R dari kedua cuplikan populasi adalah 0.344, yang menunjukkan terdapat variasi ukuran kromosom Anguilla bicolor bicolor antara cuplikan populasi Citandui Cilacap Way Semangka Lampung. Anguilla bicolor bicolor cuplikan populasi Citandui Cilacap dan Way Semangka Lampung mempunyai jumlah kromosom dan formula karyotype yang sama yaitu; 2n = 2X= 38 = 34m + 4 sm.
Eel Anguilla bicolor bicolor is one of the eels of genus Anguilla from Indonesia. It has been developed for aquaculture but the main materials for the culture depend on the glass eels availability in nature. However, genetic study for Anguilla bicolor bicolor in Indonesia has never been investigated yet. The aim of this research was to characterize the chromosome of eel Anguilla bicolor bicolor to be used as a basic information for conservation and aquaculture development. Samples have been collected from Citandui Cilacap dan Way Semangka Lampung. Chromosome preparation in this study was done by using blood culture splash method. The result of research showed that Anguilla bicolor bicolor from population of Citandui Cilacap have the longest of short arm chromosomes was 0.797±0.074, the shortest of short arm chromosome was 0.478±0.030, the shortest of long arm chromosomes was 0.550±0.03, the longest of long arm chromosomes was 1.060±0.064, the shortest of total length of chromosomes was 1.032±0.021 and the longest of total length of chromosomes was 1.810±0.147. Population Way Semangka have the longest of short arm chromosomes was 1.159±0.124, the shortest of short arm chromosome was 0.450±0.113, the shortest of long arm chromosomes was 0.600±0.057, the longest of long arm chromosomes was 1.285±0.083, the shortest of total length of chromosomes was 1.091±0.091, and the longest of total length of chromosomes was 2.444±0.199. In addition, the results revealed that the diploid chromosomes (2n) of Anguilla bicolor bicolor was 38, classified as 34 (17 pairs) of metacentric and 4 (2 pairs) of submetacentric chromosomes. Displaying karyotype formula of 2n = 38 = 34m + 4 sm. The R value among Citandui Cilacap dan Way Semangka Lampung Population was 0.344, showed that eel from Population Citandui Cilacap and Way Semangka Lampung had chromosome variation size.
Kata Kunci : Kromosom,Kartotype,Anguilla bicolor bicolor
