Pengaruh pemberian makanan tambahan terhadap status gizi balita usia 12-59 bulan

LUBAID, Ahmad, dr. Endy Paryanto, MPH, Sp.A(K)

2010 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Kesehatan anak

Masalah gizi buruk dan kurang pada balita adalah masalah yang harus ditanggulangi. Usia 12-59 bulan merupakan masa yang penting sekaligus masa yang kritis dalam proses tumbuh kembang balita, baik fisik maupun kecerdasan, oleh karena itu setiap balita pada masa ini harus memperoleh perawatan kesehatan dan asupan gizi sesuai dengan kebutuhannya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian makanan tambahan terhadap status gizi anak usia 12-59 bulan. Penelitian dilakukan di Kecamatan Seyegan dan Sleman Kabupaten Sleman secara eksperimental dengan besar sampel 58 anak gizi buruk usia 12-59 bulan, dengan melakukan pemberian makanan tambahan makanan selama 100 hari dan dilakukan pengamatan dan pengukuran berat badan dan panjang badan sebelum dan sesudah pemberian makanan tambahan. Semua penderita gizi buruk diikut sertakan dalam penelitian ini. Interpretasi perubahan status gizi dihitung dengan rujukan CDC-2000. Berdasarkan penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa pemberian makanan tambahan tidak memberikan perubahan rata-rata status gizi subjek penelitian berdasarkan BB/U dan TB/U dimana rata-rata status subjek penelitian tetap dalam kondisi gizi buruk dan pendek. Namum pemberian makanan tambahan memberikan peningkatan terhadap rata-rata status gizi berdasarkan BB/TB dari kondisi kurus sekali menjadi kurus. Pemberian makanan tambahan dapat meningkatkan status gizi 23,34 % subjek penelitian berdasarkan BB/U dan 61,67% subjek penelitian berdasarkan BB/TB.

Severe malnutrition and malnutrition are problems which have to be overcome. Age of 12-59 months old is the important period and critical time for the development of physical and intelligence .Because of that, the childrens must obtain a good health care and nutrition feeding according with their needs. The purpose of this study is to analyze the influence of food supplement to the nutritional status of childrens 12-59 months old. This experimental study was conducted in Seyegan and Sleman sub districts with 58 severe malnutrition age of 12-59 months. Food supplement was given for 100 days. The measurement of weight and height body was measured before and after treatments. All of the childrens with severe manutrition were recruited in this study. The change of nutritional status interpretation was calculated based on Z-score CDC-2000. Based on this experimental study can be concluded that the provision of supplementary food did not change the average of nutritional status of research subjects based on weight/age and height/age measurement, whereas the average of nutritional status still remained in severe malnutrition and short body. But the provision of supplementary food provides an improvement on the average of nutritional status based on the weight/height from thin condition to be wasted. Providing supplementary food can improve the nutritional status of 23.34% of research subjects based on weight/age and 61.67% of research subjects based on weight/height.

Kata Kunci : Keluarga miskin,Status Gizi,Balita,Gizi buruk,Z,score