Perencanaan pembangunan hutan rakyat pada tingkat distrik di Kecamatan Sodonghilir :: Studi kasus di Desa Cukangkawung, Desa Sodonghilir dan Desa Cipangieun Kecamatan Sodonghilir, Kabupaten Tasikmalaya, Provinsi Jawa Barat

CANDRA, Risno Murti, Prof. dr. Ir. Hasanu Simon, MS

2010 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Kehutanan

Pembangunan hutan rakyat di Kecamatan Sodonghilir belum menampakkan hasil yang menggembirakan karena komplikasi antara desakan kebutuhan hidup dengan keterbatasan modal dan rendahnya akses untuk mendapatkan informasi pasar sehingga menyebabkan luasan hutan rakyat cenderung semakin menurun. Perkembangan hutan rakyat menghadapi permasalahan yaitu sensitifnya usaha hutan rakyat terhadap pengaruh yang mengarah pada konversi dengan usaha di sektor lain. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk 1) mendeskripsikan perubahan pengelolaan dari usahatani hutan rakyat menjadi perkebunan, 2) merencanakan pembangunan kembali hutan rakyat berdasarkan isu-isu strategis yang ada di Kecamatan Sodonghilir. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif dalam bentuk survey kemasyarakatan (community survey) dan survey pendapat umum (public opinion survey). Lokasi penelitian ditentukan secara purposive sampling, yaitu Desa Cukangkawung, Desa Sodonghilir dan Desa Cipaingeun. Sampel ditentukan sebanyak 5 % dari jumlah Kepala Keluarga. Data ditabulasi dan dilakukan analisis deskriptif. Data-data yang diperoleh kemudian dilakukan identifikasi permasalahan untuk merencanakan pembangunan kembali hutan rakyat di Kecamatan Sodonghilir. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa perubahan hutan rakyat yang berupa pekarangan, huma dan talun menjadi perkebunan tejadi setelah pemerintah meluncurkan program Perkebunan Inti Rakyat (PIR) pada awal tahun 1980-an. PIR dikelola secara monokultur sehingga budaya pekarangan, huma dan talun mulai ditinggalkan masyarakat. Berdasarkan hasil identifikasi permasalahan antar sub sistem maka perencanaan pembangunan hutan rakyat dilakukan dalam kerangka Forest Ecosystem Management (FEM). Pada lahan hutan rakyat dengan vegetasi semak dan alangalang, topografi curam dan disekitar mata air dikelola dengan Management Regime-Rehabilitasi Hutan Rakyat (MR-RHR), dan pada interface area dikelola dengan Management Regime-Kebun Rakyat (MR-KR).

The development of community forest at Sodonghilir Subdistrict has not shown a good progress. It caused by the financially unattractive of forest planting and complicated with capital finite and the poor of market access. These factors have impelled to increased community forest area in the research site. The aim of this research are: 1) to describe of change process of community forest to agricultural farm; 2) to plan reestablish of community forest based on locally strategic issues which is involved at Sodonghilir Subdistrick. This research used descriptive method,not only community survey but also public opinion survey. The location of this research will depend by purposive sampling, at Cukangkawung, Sodonghilir and Cipaingeun Villages. The responden has taken 5 % from the population. The population was the amount of household leader in each villages. Data collected forwarding in tabulation and then analyzed to identified problems to reestablish community forest in research site at Sodonghilir Subdistrict. Research results shown that landuse change of community forest, as “huma” and “talun” form became agricultural farm (tea plantation) occured post of “Perkebunan Inti Rakyat (PIR)” program had launched by government in 1980’s. PIR established in monocultur form, and then people abandoned “huma” and “talun” culture. Based on the result of problem identification inter subsystem, community forest planning conducted in Forest Ecosystem Management (FEM) framework. Community forest developed with two different management regime based on current vegetation type, topography characteristic, and special location (eq. surrounding wellspring). The first regime was Community Forest Rehabilitation- Regime Managemet (CFR-RM), should be established on the area covered by bushes and reed (imperata), sheer topography, and the area surrounding the wellspring. The second regime called Community Garden-Regime Management (CG-RM), should be established on interface area.

Kata Kunci : Perencanaan,Hutan rakyat,Topografi curam,Interface area,Managemen regime