Mekanisme adaptasi dan perubahan komponen ruang :: Studi kasus ruang hunian dan ruang pendopo di Panti Wredha Budhi Dharma dan Hanna di Yogyakarta

RADHI, Muhammad, Diananta Pramitasari, ST, M.Eng, Ph.D

2010 | Tesis | S2 Teknik Arsitektur

Penelitian dengan judul `` Mekanisme Adaptasi dan Perubahan Komponen Ruang di Panti Wredha `` bertujuan untuk mengetahui jenis mekanisme adaptasi kaum lanjut usia dan implikasinya terhadap perubahan komponen ruang hunian dan ruang pendopo di Panti Wredha Budhi Dharma dan Hanna Kota Yogyakarta. Kaum lansia yang masuk ke panti wredha membutuhkan mekanisme adaptasi dengan lingkungan yang baru, baik lingkungan fisik maupun lingkungan sosial. Dari proses adaptasi yang terjadi selama kaum lansia masuk ke panti sampai sekarang ( waktu proses penelitian berlangsung ) berimplikasi terhadap perubahan komponen ruang aktifitas utamanya, yaitu : ruang hunian dan ruang pendopo. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian terhadap objek non fisik ( mekanisme adaptasi ) dan objek fisik ( perubahan komponen ruang ). Penelitian ini menggunakan paradigma rasionalistik dengan metode Induktif kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode wawancara, literature review dan metode observasi. Penelitian dilakukan dengan mengambil kasus ruang hunian ( Kasus I ) dan ruang pendopo ( kasus II ) di kedua panti tersebut, selanjutnya tiap panti diambil sampel 20 unit ruang hunian beserta kaum lanjut usia selaku penghuninya sebagai responden. serta ruang pendopo beserta 20 orang penghuni tersebut menjadi responden. selanjutnya kasus I dan II kedua panti di dialogkan, guna mengetahui jenis persamaan dan perbedaan kedua panti tersebut, namun bukan mencari generalisasi temuan. Hasil penelitian menggambarkan, mekanisme adaptasi yang terjadi di kedua panti adalah : Untuk Ruang Hunian yakni :1). Adaptation by Reaction, yaitu : Kegiatan didalam ruang hunian dan Kegiatan diluar ruang hunian. 2). Adaptation by adjustment, yaitu : Perubahan lay-out perabot, Perubahan jumlah perabot, Penambahan ornamen dinding. 3). Adaptation by withdrawl, yaitu : Perpindahan ruang hunian. Selanjutnya Ruang Pendopo, yakni : 1). Adaptation by Reaction, yaitu : Datang mengikuti kegiatan di Pendopo dan tidak datang mengikuti kegiatan di Pendopo. 2). Adaptation by adjustment, yaitu : Perubahan lay-out perabot 3). Adaptation by withdrawl, yaitu : tidak mengikuti kegiatan di pendopo. Sementara perubahan komponen ruang yang terjadi dikedua panti tersebut adalah : Untuk Ruang Hunian, yakni : 1). bersifat agak tetap (semi fixed feature element), yaitu : Perubahan jumlah dan lay-out perabot dan Perubahan ornamen didinding 3). bersifat tidak tetap (non- fixed feature element), yaitu : Perubahan warna ruang. Selanjutnya Ruang Pendopo, yakni : hanya perubahan agak tetap ( semi fixed feature element ) yaitu perubahan lay-out perabot, yang terjadi di Panti Wredha Budhi Dharma. Gambaran mekanisme adaptasi dan perubahan komponen ruang yang menjadi temuan penelitian selanjutnya dapat dijadikan sebagai masukan dalam pengembangan Panti Wredha khususnya di Kota Yogyakarta

Research with a title “Mechanism of Adaptation and Change of Space Component at Elderly home aims to identify the mechanisms of adaptation of the elderly and their implications for changes in components of residential and assembly hall spaces at Elderlyhome Budhi Dharma and Hanna at Yogyakarta. The elderly who live at elderly home need a mechanism of adaptation to their new environment, both physical and social environment. The process of adaptation that occurs since the elderly have been joining at elderly home until now (till the process of research in progress) results in a change in components of its main activity spaces, that are assembly hall and residental spaces. This study is a research on the non-physical (a mechanism of adaptation) and physical objects (space component changes). This study uses rationalistic paradigm with inductive methods of qualitative and quantitative. The methods of collecting data primarily used are interviews, literature review and observation. The conducted research focused on the case of residential space (Case I) and Assembly hall space (case II) at both elderly homes. Furthermore, in each Elderly home the research took samples of 20 units of residential space and the elderly act as respondents. The other 20 residents of Assembly hall become respondents as well. Thereupon, case I and II of two elderly homes are confronted each other in order to find out similarities and differences in both the elderly homes, but not to generalize the finding. The results illustrate that mechanisms of adaptation that occur in both elderly homes are: for Residential Space namely: 1). Adaptation by Reaction; events and activities inside and outside residental space. 2). Adaptation by adjustment; a change of furniture layout, amount of furniture and wall ornaments addition. 3). Adaptation by withdrawal; displacement of residental space. For Assembly hall Space, namely: 1). Adaptation by Reaction; joining and not joining the activities at Assembly hall. 2). Adaptation by adjustment; a change of furniture layout 3). Adaptation by withdrawl; not participating in the conducted events at Assembly hall. The changes that occur in both elderly homes are: in Residential Space; 1). Semi-fixed feature elements; changes in the number and layout of furnitures and ornaments on the wall. 2). Non-fixed feature elements; changes in the space color. Furthermore, in Assembly hall ; there is only semi-fixed feature element, furniture lay-out changes which occur at Elderly home Budhi Dharma. The description of mechanisms of adaptation and changing components in the scope of this research finding can then be used as suggestions to develop Elderly home especially in Yogyakarta.

Kata Kunci : Mekanisme adaptasi,Perubahan komponen ruang,Panti Wredha,Kaum lanjut usia