Cerai gugat dan akibat hukumnya terhadap anak dan harta bersama

NOVEL, Hilda, yulkarnain Harahab, S.H., M.Si

2010 | Tesis | S2 Magister Kenotariatan

Penelitian mengenai cerai gugat dan akibat hukumnya terhadap anak dan harta bersama ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui alasan-alasan yang mendorong seorang istri mengajukan cerai gugat dan pelaksanaannya di Pengadilan Agama Padang, proses dan penanganan kasus cerai gugat di Pengadilan Agama Padang, serta akibat hukum terhadap anak dan harta bersama dalam kasus cerai gugat di Pengadilan Agama Padang. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian yang bersifat yuridis sosiologis (sociolegal research). Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui penelitian kepustakaan dan penelitian lapangan. Penelitian kepustakaan dilakukan dengan cara mempelajari bahan-bahan hukum yang berkaitan dengan masalah yang diteliti. Penelitian lapangan dilakukan di Pengadilan Agama Klas I A yang ada di Kota Padang, dengan menggunakan teknik komunikasi langsung dengan alat berupa pedoman wawancara. Data-data yang telah dikumpulkan selanjutnya dianalisis secara kualitatif, sehingga diperoleh kesimpulan yang disajikan dalam sebuah laporan yang bersifat deskriptif. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa terdapat 6 alasan dominan yang mendorong seorang isteri mengajukan cerai gugat di Pengadilan Agama Kota Padang, yaitu karena tidak ada tanggung jawab dari suami; ekonomi/penelantaran; kekerasan dalam rumah tangga; gangguan pihak ketiga; tidak ada keharmonisan serta krisis aklak, dan Pengadilan Agama Kota Padang telah melaksanakan sesuai dengan ketentuan Pasal 39 UU No. 1 Tahun 1974 tentang Perkawinan. Proses dan penanganan cerai gugat di PengadilanAgama Padang melalui 2 proses administrasi yaitu adminitrasi perkara yang dimulai sejak didaftarkan dan diterimanya permohonan pengajuan cerai gugat hingga pemanggilan para pihak yang berperkara, dan administrasi persidangan yaitu sejak dibukanya sidang oleh Majelis Hakim hingga pembacaan putusan. Hanya sedikit putusan cerai yang memuat tentang anak dan harta bersama. Akibatnya menimbulkan ketidakpastian hukum mengenai status pengasuhan anak dan harta bersama setelah terjadi perceraian.

Research on wife-initiated divorce/cerai gugat cases and their legal consequences on children and community property aims at identifying the reasons encouraging a wife to file a divorce suit and its implementation in the Padang Religious Court, the process and the handling of wife-initiated divorce cases in Padang Religious Court, as well as the legal consequences on the children and community property in wife-initiated divorce cases in Padang Religious Court. The research is juridical sociological in nature (socio-legal research). Data were collected through library research and field research. Library research was carried out by studying the legal materials related to the issue studied. Field research was conducted in Padang Religious Court Class I A in Padang Municipality, through direct communication technique with interview guides. The data that have been collected were then analyzed qualitatively, so that the conclusions obtained are presented in a form of a descriptive report. The research concludes that there are six dominant reasons that encourage a wife to file for a divorce suit in Padang Religious Court such as: the irresponsible husband; economic/neglect, domestic violence, third party interference; the absence of harmony and the moral crisis. Meanwhile, its implementation in Padang Religion Court has been performed in accordance with the provision of Article 39 Law No. 1 Year 1974 on Marriage. The process and the handling of wife-initiated divorce in Padang Religious Court are conducted through two administration processes, i.e.: case administration, which is started since the litigation and the receipt of the wife-initiated divorce petition to the summons of the litigants, and court administration, which is started with the opening session by the Panel of Judges to the reading of the verdict. There are only few divorce verdicts which contain about children and community property. As a result, this causes legal uncertainty on the status of childcare and community property after divorce.

Kata Kunci : Cerai gugat,Akibat hukum,Anak,Harta bersama, Wife-Initiated Divorce, Legal Consequences, Children, Community Property