Otomatisasi alat uji kualitas premium sesuai standard ASTM D86

MANUHUTU, Fredrik, Dr. Kuwat Triyana

2010 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Fisika

Telah dilakukan otomatisasi alat uji kualitas premium berdasarkan metode uji distilasi standard sesuai prosedur ASTM D86. Otomatisasi dilakukan untuk mengurangi potensi kesalahan serta mempercepat proses analisis dalam pengamatan manual yang dilakukan pada alat distilasi minyak bumi yang ada di pasaran. Dalam penelitian ini, bagian-bagian utama yang diotomatisasi meliputi sistem deteksi tetesan pertama initial boiling point (IBP), suhu dalam gelas distilasi, suhu kondensor serta volume hasil distilasi. Sistem deteksi tetesan pertama diotomatisasi menggunakan LED inframerah dan fotodioda. Suhu dalam gelas distilasi diotomatisasi menggunakan sensor suhu RTD PT100. Sementara itu, suhu kondensor diotomatisasi menggunakan sensor LM35, sedangkan volume hasil distilasi diotomatisasi menggunakan LDR yang bekerja sebagai sensor cahaya. Alat distilasi ini juga dilengkapi dengan graphical user interface (GUI) untuk mempermudah analisis hasil distilasi secara otomatis pula. Kinerja setiap sensor yang digunakan dalam bagian otomatisasi telah dikalibrasi menggunakan alat distilasi standard manual terakreditasi ISO 17025:2005. Uji kinerja alat distilasi yang dibangun dilakukan terhadap macam cupikan premium yang dibeli dari sebuah SPBU. Cuplikan pertama adalah premium 88 tanpa campuran kerosin, sedangkan cuplikan kedua adalah premium 88 dengan campuran kerosin yang komposisinya 90%:10%. Berdasarkan pengujian terhadap kedua macam cuplikan premium tersebut, alat ini mampu membedakan karakteristik keduanya secara jelas. Kemampuan sistem yang terotomatisasi ini juga menunjukkan hasil identifikasi yang hampir sama dengan alat distilasi standard manual, namun dengan kecepatan analisis yang jauh lebih baik.

Automation of testing equipment for premium quality has been carried out based on standard of ASTM D86. So far, most testing equipments for petroleum quality being used in Indonesia are without automation. In this case, there are many shortcomings such as high potential of error during measurement and complexity in data analysis. Therefore, the automation is intended to overcome the problems. For this purpose, the main parts that were automated include detection system of first drop or initial boiling point (IBP), temperature in the distillation glass, condenser temperature and the volume of distillation result. The detection system of the first drop was automated by employing LED (infrared) and photodiode. The temperature in the distillation glass was automated by using RTD PT100 series temperature sensor, while that of the liquefier temperature was automated by applying LM35 series temperature sensor. On the other hand, the volume of distillation result was automated based on LDR light sensor. This automated equipment was also equipped with graphical user interface (GUI) to make easier and faster in analyzing the distillation result. The quality assurance and performance of each sensor were calibrated by using accredited of ISO 17025:2005 manual established distillation equipment. Afterward, the performance of automated equipment was tested based on premium 88 sample provided in a local gasoline station. In this case, two kinds of premium sample were prepared for testing, namely pure premium 88 without and with kerosene mixture. The composition ratio of the mixture one consists of premium 88 and kerosene to be 90%:10%. As a result, the automated equipment is able to distinguish clearly the quality difference of the two premium samples. The similar result was also compared to performance of the accredited manual established equipment. Furthermore, the automated equipment shows simpler and faster in analyzing the distillation results compared to that of even the accredited manual established equipment.

Kata Kunci : Otomatisasi,ASTM D86,Distilasi minyak bumi,Tetesan pertama, automation, ASTM D86, petroleum distillation, initial boiling point, premium