Keefektifan nematoda patogen serangga dari Propinsi Kalimantan Barat terhadap ulat jantung kubis (Crocidolomia pavonana)

HENDARTI, Indri, Prof.(Ret) Dr. Ir. Mulyadi, MSc

2010 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Hama Tumbuhan

Penelitian bertujuan untuk mendapatkan nematoda patogen serangga (NPS) dari Propinsi Kalimantan Barat dan untuk mengetahui keefektifan terhadap larva Crocidolomia pavonana. NPS diisolasi dari empat jenis tanah yaitu tanah PMK, aluvial berpasir, gambut, dan aluvial. NPS diisolasi dengan menggunakan metode white trap. Kemudian diidentifikasi secara morfologi (terutama panjang dan lebar tubuh) dan gejala serangan pada serangga. Pembiakan massal NPS dilakukan dengan menggunakan larva Tenebrio molitor. NPS yang ditemukan diseleksi berdasarkan keefektifan terhadap larva C. pavonana instar tiga. Data dianalisis menggunakan Duncan Multiple Range Tes. Pengujian perbedaan konsentrasi NPS dilakukan pada larva C. pavonana instar tiga. Uji patogenisitas (LC50) C. pavonana instar satu, dua, tiga, dan empat. Uji kefeektifan NPS juga dilakukan terhadap C. pavonana di rumah kasa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 1) NPS ditemukan pada empat jenis tanah yaitu PMK, alluvial berpasir, gambut, dan alluvial di Propinsi Kalimantan Barat. 2) Keefektifan NPS dari jenis tanah alluvial berpasir, gambut, dan alluvial, dan PMK adalah 92%, 92%, 76%, dan 42%. 3) LC50 pada tanah alluvial berpasir pada larva instar satu, dua, tiga dan empat adalah 218.62 ji/ml , 270.10 ji/ml, 371.34 ji/ml, 1.073.00 ji/ml. Pada Tanah gambut adalah 184.72 ij/ml, 243.54 ij/ml, 339.24 ij/ml, dan 797.74 ij/m. Pada tanah aluvial adalah 357.98 ij/ml, 418.47 ij/ml, 566.72 ij/ml, dan 1.055.00 ij/ml. 4) Semua isolat NPS dari Propinsi Kalimantan Barat patogenik terhadap semua instar larva C. Pavonana. 5) Keefektifan NPS tanah gambut dengan konsentrasi 5.760 ij/ml; 680 ij/ml; 340 ij/ml; 170 ij/ml; dan 0 ij/ml (kontrol) terhadap ulat jantung kubis instar tiga pada tanaman sawi di rumah kasa masing-masing adalah 58%; 34%; 22%;6%; dan 4%.

The purposes of research to find the entomophatogen nematodes (EPS) from Kalimantan Barat province and to study their effectivity to Crocidolomia pavonana. The EPS were collected from four defferent soil types in Kalimantan Barat Province, i.e. red-yellow podzolic, sandy alluvial, peat soil, and alluvial. The EPS were isolated by using white trap metode. Than the EPS were identified by morphometrically (expecially the length and width of the nematode body ) and the disease symptom on the insect. Mass production of the EPS was done on the larvae of Tenebrio molitor. The EPS found were selected based on their infectivity on the thrid stage the larvae of C. pavonana. The data were anylized by using Duncan´s Multiple Range Test. Study the different concentrations of EPS also done on the third stage of the larvae of C. pavonana. The pathogenecity tests (LC50) were done on the 1st, 2 nd, 3 rd, and 4 th stages of C. pavonana larvae. The effectivity of EPS were done on C. Pavonana on mustard green planted in green house. The research result showed : 1) The EPS were found in red-yellow podzolic, sandy alluvial, peat soil, and alluvial soil in Kalimantan Barat Province; 2) The infectivity of EPS from, sandy alluvial, peat soil, alluvial, and red-yellow podzolic soil were 92%, 92%, 76%, and 42%, respectively; 3) the LC50 of EPS from sandy alluvial on 1st, 2 nd, 3 rd, and 4th stages of C. pavonana larvae were 218.62 ji/ml, 270.10 ji/ml, 371.34 ji/ml, and 1.073.00 ji/ml, respectively. The LC50 of EPS from peat soil were 184.72 ij/ml, 243.54 ij/ml, 339.24 ij/ml, and 797.74 ij/ml, respectively. The LC50 of EPSfrom alluvial were 357.98 ij/ml, 418.47 ij/ml, 566.72 ij/ml, and 1.055.00 ij/ml , respectively. 4) All of the EPS from kalimantan Barat Province pathogenic on C. Pavonana and all of the stages of C. Pavonana were killed. 5) The effectivity of EPS from peat soil on the concentrations of 5.760 ij/ml; 680 ij/ml; 340 ij/ml; 170 ij/ml and control (untreated) on C. pavonana on mustrad green planted in green house were 58%, 34%, 22%, 6%, and 4%, respectively.

Kata Kunci : Crocidoloma pavonana, Nematoda patogen serangga (NPS), Keefektifan