Partisipasi komite sekolah dalam penyelenggaraan pendidikan dasar :: Studi di SDN Cimangkok, SDN Manglid dan SDN Cimanggu I Kecamatan Sukalarang Kabupaten Sukabumi

FARIAH, Esti, Prof. Dr. Tadjuddin Noer Effendi

2010 | Tesis | S2 Sosiologi

Penelitian dimaksudkan untuk mengetahui: pertama, perbandingan partisipasi komite sekolah melalui peran dan fungsinya di SDN Cimangkok, SDN Manglid dan SDN Cimanggu I, serta mengetahui level dan kadar partisipasi komite sekolah di ketiga sekolah tersebut. Kedua, memberikan masukan dan gambaran kepada stakeholder mengenai kondisi partisipasi komite sekolah. Penelitian dilakukan menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan grounded guna mengungkap dan memahami sesuatu dibalik fenomena yang sedikitpun belum diketahui sebelumnya. Pendekatan grounded dilakukan bukan untuk memunculkan konsep atau teori baru, melainkan untuk menggali data secara mendalam. Penelitian menggunakan kerangka konseptual modal sosial, partisipasi, komite sekolah untuk menganalisa temuan di lapangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa partisipasi komite sekolah belum menunjukkan upaya optimal: pertama, belum menyentuh tahap evaluasi; kedua, masih berfokus pada bentuk bantuan fisik. ketiga, nilai yang dianut masyarakat tidak mendukung partisipasi; keempat, komite sekolah belum memahami tugas, peran dan fungsinya. Selain itu, kualitas partisipasi juga ditentukan oleh sejarah pendirian sekolah dan bukan karena lokasi, jarak ataupun akses sekolah. Mengacu pada konsep level dan kadar partisipasi menurut UK Health for All Network dan Arstein partisipasi komite sekolah di 3 sekolah tempat penelitian berada pada level dan kadar bervariasi, namun secara umum berada pada level “dikonsultasikan” dengan kadar “tokenisme” (simbolis). Komite sekolah mempunyai kapasitas dan potensi untuk berpartisipasi dalam penyelenggaraan pendidikan dasar, namun mereka tidak memperoleh peluang dan kesempatan untuk merealisasikannya.

The research is aimed in order to comprehend: first, analyze participation comparison of school committee through its roles and functions at Cimangkok Elementary School, Manglid Elementary School and Cimanggu I Elementary School, as well as to identify level and degree of its participation at those schools. Second, provide input as well as description for stakeholder on the condition of school committee participation. The research uses qualitative method with grounded approach to explore as well as to understand something behind the phenomenon which has not been recognized previously. Grounded approach is decided not to produce either new concepts or theories, instead of exploring the data from the field deeply. To analyze the findings, the research uses conceptual framework of social capital, participation and school committee. The results show that school committee has not performed their participation optimally since: first, it has not achieved evaluation step; second, it is still focused on physical supports; third, community value does not encourage spirit of participation; fourth, school committee has not comprehended yet upon its task, role and function. Besides, the quality of participation is also based on the history of school establishment rather than location, distance or access of the schools. Refers to the concepts of level and degree of UK Health for All Network and Arstein, school committeee participation at the 3 schools is on various level and degree, however generally it is on the level of “consulting”, with degree of participation on “tokenism” (symbolism). School committee has capacity and ability to participate in managing basic education; however they do not have a chance as well as an opportunity to realize it.

Kata Kunci : Komite sekolah,Partisipasi dan modal sosial,School Committee,Participation and Social Capital