Analisis biaya terapi pasien stroke rawat inap di RSUP DR. Sardjito Yogyakarta tahun 2007

DAMAYANTI, Tri, Jarit At Thobari, MD., Ph.D

2010 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Farmasi

Stroke merupakan penyebab kematian tertinggi di dunia. Stroke merupakan penyakit yang memerlukan perawatan jangka panjang sehingga biaya yang dikeluarkan untuk pengobatan stroke sangat tinggi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mendapatkan gambaran biaya terapi pada pasien stroke rawat inap di RSUP DR. Sardjito Yogyakarta tahun 2007. Jenis penelitian adalah observasional dengan rancangan penelitian cross sectional menurut perspektif rumah sakit. Metode pengambilan data secara retrospektif. Subyek penelitian adalah pasien rawat inap di RSUP Dr. Sardjito periode Januari – Desember 2007 yang menderita stroke dan memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Variabel penelitian meliputi karakteristik pasien (jenis kelamin, usia, tekanan darah, cara bayar, kelas perawatan, faktor resiko dan lama perawatan), intervensi obat yang diberikan, dan biaya yang dibutuhkan (direct medical dan non-medical cost). Data diolah dan dianalisis secara deskriptif kuantitatif, dan statistik menggunakan metode chi-square, t-test independent sample, dan one-way Anova. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan komponen penyusun direct medical cost terdiri dari biaya obat dan alkes, biaya penunjang diagnostik, dan biaya tenaga medis. Komponen penyusun direct non medical cost terdiri dari biaya akomodasi, biaya administrasi, dan biaya lain-lain. Biaya terapi total setiap pasien stroke adalah Rp. 4.540.000. Rata-rata biaya terapi total pada pasien stroke iskemik adalah Rp. 4.340.000, pada pasien stroke hemoragik adalah Rp. 5.300.000, pada pasien stroke yang dirawat di kelas VIP adalah Rp. 8.820.000, kelas I adalah Rp. 5.060.000 , kelas II adalah Rp. 4.390.000, dan kelas III adalah Rp. 2.890.000, pada pasien stroke dengan cara bayar Askes adalah Rp. 5.410.000, umum adalah Rp. 4.590.000, dan Askeskin adalah Rp. 2.850.000. Berdasarkan biaya obat total, obat yang paling banyak menyerap biaya adalah neuroprotektor, dan oksigenasi. Rata- rata biaya obat pada pasien stroke iskemik sebesar Rp. 1.728.457 sedangkan pada pasien stroke hemoragik sebesar Rp.2.121.593. Rata-rata biaya obat neuroprotektor pada pasien stroke dengan piracetam sebesar Rp. 63.723 dan citicholin sebesar Rp. 51.892.

Stroke is the highest death cause. Stroke is a disease requiring long care so cost for stroke treatment is very high. Objective of this research was to get description on therapy cost for patient with stroke hospitalized at Sardjito Hospital Yogyakarta in 2007. Research type was observational with research cross sectional layout was according to hospital perspective. Data taken by using retrospective method. The research subjects are lodging patient at RSUP Dr. Sardjito within periode January – December 2007 who have stroke and fulfill the inclusion criteria. Research variable cover demography characteristic (sex, age, blood pressure, payment method, care class, risk factor and care duration), drug intervention, and cost required (direct medical and non medical costs). Data was analysed by descriptive quantitative, and statistical method using chi-square test, t-test independent sample, and one-way Anova. The results indicated that direct medical costs consisted of drug and medical equipment cost, diagnostic supporting cost and medical worker cost. Direct non medical costs consisted of accommodation, administrative and other costs. Total therapy cost for each stroke patient was Rp 4,540.000. Average total therapy cost for patient with ischemic stroke, hemorrhagic stroke were Rp 4,340,000 and Rp 5,300,000, respectively. Based on room class, average total therapy cost for patient cared in VIP room, Class I room, Class II room and class III room were Rp. 8.820.000, Rp 5,060,000, Rp 4,390,000, and Rp 2,890,000, respectively. According to payment method, average total therapy cost for patient paying through Askes, ordinary payment, and Askeskin were Rp 5,410,000, Rp 4,590,000 and Rp 2,850,000, respectively. Based on total drug cost, drug that take most cost were neuroprotector and oxygenation. Average drug cost in ischemic stroke patient and hemorrhagic stroke patient were Rp 1,727,457 and Rp 2,121,593, respectively. Average neuroprotector drug cost for stroke patient with piracetam and citicholin were Rp 63,723 and Rp 51,892, respectively.

Kata Kunci : Analisis biaya,Stroke,RSUP Dr Sardjito ; cost analysis, stroke, Sardjito Hospital