Penyadaran faktor protektif dan risiko pada proses reintegrasi sosial narapidana wanita di lembaga pemasyarakatan

WIDIANTORO, Fx. Wahyu, Drs. Subandi, MA., Ph.D

2010 | Tesis | S2 Magister Sains Psikologi

Penelitian ini meninjau faktor protektif (protective factor) dan faktor risiko (risk factor) pada proses reintegrasi sosial narapidana wanita di Lembaga Pemasyarakatan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah penyadaran yang akan berdampak pada meningkatkan faktor protektif dan menurunkan faktor risiko sehingga tercapainya kesiapan reintegrasi sosial pada narapidana wanita. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian tindakan (action research). Metode pengumpulan data melalui Focus Group Discussion (FGD) dengan n= 15 dan melalui kuesioner (n=30). Metode intervensi yang digunakan dalam action research ini adalah Interactional Group Discussion (IGD) dengan n= 10. Evaluasi penelitian dilaksanakan bersama narapidana wanita di Lembaga Pemasyarakatan Klas IIA Yogyakarta melalui acara Diskusi bersama dan pengukuran dampak intervensi IGD dilaksanakan melalui survei (n=30). Hasil survei dengan n=30 menunjukan bahwa narapidana wanita di Lembaga Pemasyarakatan Klas IIA Yogyakarta dalam menjalani pembinaan mengalami berbagai kondisi baik yang mendukung maupun yang menjadi kendala dalam menghadapi reintegrasi sosialnya. Kualitas individu serta dukungan lingkungan sosial merupakan protective factor sekaligus risk factor pada proses reintegrasi sosial. Ada peningkatan kesadaran protective factor sebesar 8.63%, dan kesadaran menurunkan risk factor sebesar 12.75%, pada proses reintegrasi sosial pada narapidana wanita sebelum dan setelah IGD.

This research was directed to analyze the protective factors and risk factors of social reintegration amongst female recidivists in Lembaga Pemasyarakatan. It was aimed to raise the recidivists’ awareness which would lead to improving the protective factors and decreasing the risk factors in order to help them prepared themselves for social reintegration. This research was designed by implementing an action research model. Data were collected from Focus Group Discussion (FGD) with n=15 and questionnaire survey (n=30). The intervention method applied in the study was Interactional Group discussion (IGD) with n=10. Evaluation on the research was conducted together with the female recidivists in Lembaga Pemasyarakatan Klas IIA Yogyakarta by holding a mass discussion, while the measurement on the IGD intervention effects was conducted by a survey (n=30). The result of the survey showed that the female recidivists in Lembaga Pemasyarakatan Klas IIA Yogyakarta participating in the counseling experienced various conditions, either supporting or distracting their social reintegration. Individual quality and social support become both the protective factor and the risk factor of the social reintegration process. The awareness on the protective factor increased as much as 8.63%, while the awareness to reduce the risk factor scored as much as 12.75%, In the social reintegration process when compared prior to and after conducting IGD.

Kata Kunci : Protective,Risk factor,Reintegrasi sosial,Narapidana wanita,Action research,Protective, Risk factor, Social Reintegration, Female Recidivists, Action Research